Major cities

Major cities
Uzbekistan is divided into 12 regions (Andijan, Bukhara, Jizzakh, Kashkadarya, Navoi, Namangan, Samarkand, Syrdarya, Surkhandarya, Tashkent, Fergana, Khorezm) and includes one autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan.

There are 162 districts and 118 cities in the Republic of Uzbekistan. More than 42% of the country's population lives in cities. The largest city in Uzbekistan is the capital, with a population of 2.3 million. More than half of Uzbekistan's Russian population lives in Tashkent, accounting for about 30 percent. The second largest city is Namangan (398 thousand people). Next is Samarkand (366 thousand people). Until 1930, Samarkand was the capital of the Uzbek SSR. There are a number of large cities in the Fergana Valley: Andijan (356 thousand); Fergana (320,000); Kokand (200 thousand). Ancient Bukhara (271,000 people), the largest cultural and political center of the Uzbek people for centuries, should be mentioned. Nukus (260,000 people) is the capital of the Karakalpak Autonomous Republic.

Andijon

Ancient names: Andukon, Andigon.

Andijan is located in the eastern part of the Fergana Valley, in the ancient layers of the Andijan-Say River, 260 km southeast of Tashkent (385 km along the road) and 40 km northwest of Osh, Kyrgyzstan. This area is 4200 square kilometers.

Andijan is an ancient city, the pearl of the Golden Valley. It was first mentioned in the 9th century as one of the oldest cities in the southeastern part of the Fergana Valley, at the crossroads of the Great Silk Road, built on the Andijan-Soyat River. The exact date of its origin is unknown. It is an ancient historical country, with its own traditions, the only school of agriculture.

Buxoro

Translated from the Sogdian language, "bukharak" means "successful land".

Bukhara is the center of Bukhara region and one of the ancient cities of Uzbekistan. Bukhara is over 2,500 years old.

In ancient times, it was a part of Central Asia - Sogdia. For centuries, camel caravans from China and Europe carried cargo along the Great Silk Road through Bukhara. For centuries, the city has been a center not only for trade but also for Islam. He justified the title of "Great Bukhara" of Bukhara-i Sharif among Muslims. Bukhara is one of the seven holy cities of Islam and has an impressive architecture and rich history.

Bukhara has a thousand-year-old buildings, is the oldest center and has remained virtually unchanged for centuries.

Guliston

The name Gulistan is derived from Persian - "flower garden" or "flower garden".

Gulistan is the center of the Syrdarya region, located in the eastern part of the Syrdarya region, on the left bank of the Syrdarya River, 118 km from Tashkent, in the Fergana Valley.

Old names - Hungry Desert until 1922, Mirzachol (until 1961).

After the reconstruction of Jizzakh region in 1990, the center of Syrdarya region was moved from Jizzakh to Gulistan.

Jizzax

The name of the city of Jizzakh is derived from the Sogdian word "small fortress".

Jizzakh region - Jizzakh region is the administrative center of Uzbekistan. Jizzakh is located in the north of the Nuroz Mountains, 180 km southwest of Tashkent, 90 km northeast of Samarkand, on the Sanzar River.

The city has been known since the 10th century. It is formed in the oasis on the Great Silk Road at the intermediate point from the Fergana Valley to Samarkand. From the founding of the Kazakh SSR until 1956, Jizzakh region was part of Kazakhstan. In 1956, Jizzakh region was moved to Uzbekistan and Jizzakh became an Uzbek city.

Against

Old names: Nakhshab, Nasaf, Bek Budi

Karshi is the administrative center of Kashkadarya region. The city is located in the Karshi oasis, Kashkadarya. Karshi is 520 km south-west of Tashkent and 335 km from the Uzbek border. It borders Afghanistan to the north.

The history of the city dates back to the VII century BC, it has always been a stumbling block for enemies, due to the strong resistance of the population to any enemy. Karshi is located on an ancient caravan route from Samarkand and Bukhara to Afghanistan and India.

In the early 1970s, an irrigation canal was built across the Amudarya. The city plays an important role in natural gas production.
Navoi

Navoi is a city in the southwestern part of Uzbekistan, in the Zeravshan Valley, 360 km from Tashkent. Navoi region is the administrative center of Navoi region. The city is named after the great Uzbek poet Alisher Navoi.

The city has been part of Kazakhstan and part of the Golodnostepskaya region since the founding of the Kazakh SSR. In 1956, the Golodnostepskaya region (now Navoi and Jizzakh regions of Uzbekistan) was moved to Uzbekistan.

Navoi was built in 1958 under the project of Leningrad architects and became one of the leading industrial centers of the republic, famous for its Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Combine.

Namangan

The word "Namangan" is derived from the Persian word "Namak kann" - "salt mine".

Namangan is located in the northern part of the Fergana Valley, 430 km from Tashkent, in the east of Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of the Namangan region, which came after Uzbekistan gained independence.

Namangan was first discovered in the late 15th century.

The city of Namangan and the territory of the former Davlatabad district are now the only administrative-territorial unit.

Today Namangan is one of the largest industrial regions of the republic. Namangan's leading industries are cotton ginning, engineering, electricity, chemicals and food.

Nukus

Nukus is the capital of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the largest city in the country. It is located in the central part of Karakalpakstan, 800 km northwest of Tashkent, on the right bank of the Amu Darya. The southern and eastern part of the city is surrounded by the Kyzylkum desert. The northern part of the city borders the Amudarya delta.

The ecological situation not only in Nukus, but in the whole of Karakalpakstan has become very difficult due to the drying up of the Aral Sea. The use of pesticides around Nukus has led to severe environmental pollution.
Samarkand

Samarkand is called Sogdiana (Sugd), Marakand (Greek) in ancient literature.

Samarkand is the second largest city in Uzbekistan, the capital of Samarkand region.

Samarkand is one of the oldest cities in the world, 2750 years. It has been the focal point of the Great Silk Road for more than two thousand years. The city was occupied by the troops of Alexander the Great, the armies of the Arab Caliphate, the Mongol armies of Genghis Khan. After many disasters and fires, it was rebuilt, grew, and became the capital of the major Central Asian states.

For a long time, Samarkand was the capital of the great empire of our great ancestor Amir Temur.

Samarkand has preserved many examples of ancient architecture.

In 2001, Samarkand was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Tashkent

The ancient names of Tashkent are Yuni, Chach, Shash (Madina-Ash-Shash), Binket (Bink).

Tashkent - The administrative center of Tashkent is the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It has the largest population in Uzbekistan and Central Asia. Today, Tashkent is the main political, economic, cultural and scientific center of the country.

The capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan is located in the north-eastern part of the country, on the plain of the Chirchik River and covers an area of ​​30,000 hectares.

Today, almost half of the city has been beautified.

Tashkent city administration divides it into 11 districts.

The first note in Tashkent II. BC. In 2009, the city celebrated its 2,200th anniversary. It used to be a small city and historically had its southern neighbors, Samarkand and Bukhara.

During the years of independence of Uzbekistan, great changes have taken place.

Termiz

The name of the city is derived from the ancient word "tara-maiyeta", which means "crossing". In ancient times, the Amudarya was an important crossing point.

Termez is the southern city of Uzbekistan, the administrative center of the Surkhandarya region.

The city borders Turkmenistan to the west, Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan to the south. It is located on the right bank of the Amu Darya, through which the Afghan border is located south of Surkhandarya, 490 kilometers southwest of Tashkent.

In 2002, the city of Termez celebrated its 2,500th anniversary.

Fergana

Old names - New Margelan, Skobelev.

The name of the city of Fergana is derived from two Persian words (Paris - angel) and (Room - House), which means "House of Angels" or "City of Angels".

It is located in the southern part of the Fergana-Fergana Valley, the administrative center of the Fergana region, 420 kilometers east of Tashkent.

The city was founded in 1876 by the first military governor, M.D. Founded by Skobelev.

Fergana is one of the oldest cultural monuments in Central Asia.

One of the most important centers for Fergana oil production, the first oil refinery was built there in 1908.

Khiva

Khiva is located in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan.

In ancient times, Khiva was called Khorezm, and later Khivazm - Khorezm. The long history of Khiva is inextricably linked with the fate of Khorezm.

Khiva is one of the oldest cities in Central Asia, located in the southern part of the Khorezm oasis. From the south, the sandy domes of the Karakum Desert lie on the ancient Uzbek lands, northeast of the Kyzylkum sands.

Khiva is a small town that was first mentioned in the 20th century. It has long been one of the main centers of the Great Silk Road.

Khiva can be called an open-air city museum.