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Muminov Diyorbek BIA-84i Plan 1.Key indicators of macroeconomics 2. Classification of macroeconomic indicators in Uzbekistan 3. The difference between GDP and GNP Macroeconomics (macro ... and economics) is a branch of general theory of market economy that studies large-scale economic events and processes related to the country's economy and the national economy as a whole. A generalized system of indicators that reflects the state and development of the country's economy - national wealth, gross domestic product, gross national product, net national product, national income, population income, the sum of public and private investment, total money supply, etc. aggregate, aggregate indicators for the total economy M. are the objects of study. - Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all finished goods and services made within a country during a specific period. GDP provides an economic snapshot of a country, used to estimate the size of an economy and growth rate. GDP can be calculated in three ways, using expenditures, production, or incomes;
- Employment is the relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee. Employees work in return for payment, which may be in the form of an hourly wage, by piecework or an annual salary, depending on the type of work an employee does or which sector they are working in.
- Unemployment is a term referring to individuals who are employable and actively seeking a job but are unable to find a job. Included in this group are those people in the workforce who are working but do not have an appropriate job. Usually measured by the unemployment rate, which is dividing the number of unemployed people by the total number of people in the workforce, unemployment serves as one of the indicators Economic Indicators An economic indicator is a metric used to assess, measure, and evaluate the overall state of health of the macroeconomy. Economic indicators of a country’s economic status;
- The consumer price index (CPI, inflation index, CPI) is one of the types of price indices created to measure the average level of change in prices for goods and services (consumer basket) for a certain period in the economy.
- Imports are the goods and services that are purchased from the rest of the world by a country's residents, rather than buying domestically produced items.
- Exports are goods and services that are produced domestically, but then sold to customers residing in other countries.
The main macroeconomic indicators of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the first quarter of 2021 At the end of the first quarter, the Uzbek economy will return to a strong growth trajectory. Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 3% in the first three months of 2021. Inflation in Uzbekistan continues to decline, with prices rising by 2.5% in the first quarter and 2.8% in the same period in 2020. However, the main factor of inflation was the rise in food prices, which increased by 3.1% compared to December 2020, while there was a decrease compared to the same period last year (in the first 3 months of 2020, 4, 3 percent). The growth of non-food prices remained at 1.7%, but the price of services grew faster than in the same period last year - 2.7% compared to the same period last year, the first three of this year 1.5% per month. The economic development of Uzbekistan is affected by the global crisis, which is characterized by a slowdown in growth in some sectors of the economy compared to the first quarter of last year, a decline in foreign trade (mainly due to the cessation of gold exports). is reflected. In general, the Uzbek economy is actively trying to return to pre-crisis dynamics. Information on the level of employment in the Republic of Uzbekistan Based on the data in the table above, we can see that the average employment rate in the Republic of Uzbekistan over the past 10 years ranged from 65% to 70%. According to the table, we can also observe these indicators in graphical form: In this graph we can see the level of employment of the population by regions between 2010 and 2020 years. This shows that the city of Tashkent has the highest employment rate among the regions The lowest rate is in Namangan region approximately 60.7% The gross national income (GNI), previously known as gross national product (GNP), is the total domestic and foreign output claimed by residents of a country, consisting of gross domestic product (GDP), plus factor incomes earned by foreign residents, minus income earned in the domestic economy by nonresidents (Todaro & Smith, 2011: 44).[2] Comparing GNI to GDP shows the degree to which a nation’s GDP represents domestic or international activity. GNI has gradually replaced GNP in international statistics.[3][4] While being conceptually identical, it is calculated differently.[5] GNI is the basis of calculation of the largest part of contributions to the budget of the European Union.[6] In February 2017, Ireland’s GDP became so distorted from the base erosion and profit shifting (“BEPS”) tax planning tools of U.S. multinationals, that the Central Bank of Ireland replaced Irish GDP with a new metric, Irish Modified GNI*. In 2017, Irish GDP was 162% of Irish Modified GNI GDP measures the value of goods and services produced within a country’s borders, by citizens and non-citizens alike. GNP measures the value of goods and services produced by only a country’s citizens but both domestically and abroad. GDP is the most commonly used by global economies. Thank you for your attention
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