M01 laws tm4 5700. indd

 3. It is not necessary to cite a source if you paraphrase.
 4. Writers often use indirect speech in academic writing. 
 5. A good summary is much shorter than the original text.
B. 
Read the original passage. Then read the paraphrases and decide which one is the 
best. Label it 
Best
. Label the others 
Too sim. 
(too similar), 
No cit.
 (no in-text citation), 
or 
Inc. / Inacc. 
(incomplete or inaccurate information). 
 Original 
Passage
“People with insomnia have trouble falling or staying asleep. Anxiety about falling 
asleep often makes the condition worse. Most of us have occasional insomnia. But chronic 
insomnia—lasting at least three nights per week for more than a month—can trigger 
serious daytime problems such as exhaustion, irritability, and diffi culty concentrating.”
Source: http://newsinhealth.nih.gov/issue/Apr2013/feature1
A. According to the National Institutes of Health, insomnia is the 
inability to fall or stay asleep. Most people have insomnia from time to time, but some 
people have chronic insomnia, defi ned as lasting three or more nights a week for more than 
a month. Grouchiness, fatigue, and trouble focusing during the daytime are some effects of 
chronic insomnia. Worrying about falling asleep can make insomnia worse.
B. According to the National Institutes of Health, people with 
insomnia have diffi culty falling or staying asleep. Anxiety about falling asleep frequently 
makes insomnia worse. Most people have insomnia sometimes, but chronic insomnia, 
which lasts at least three nights a week for more than a month, can lead to serious daytime 
problems such as irritability, exhaustion, or trouble concentrating.
C. The National Institutes of Health defi nes insomnia as the inability 
to fall or stay asleep. Worrying about sleep can make it worse. While most people have 
occasional trouble sleeping, chronic insomnia, which lasts three or more nights a week 
for more than a month, can cause serious problems in the daytime, including fatigue, 
irritability, and inability to focus.
D. According to the National Institutes of Health, insomnia is the 
inability to fall or stay asleep, and most people who have insomnia are anxious about it. 
Everybody suffers from occasional insomnia, but some people may experience it almost 
every night. Lack of sleep causes serious problems including fatigue and irritability. 
(continued on next page)
Longman Academic Writing Series 4, Fifth Edition, Teacher’s Manual 
●
Chapter Quizzes
52
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