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Literature Activity:
 Building Schema 
Select a popular picture book or juvenile novel and use the prereading schema-building process 
to deduce as many clues as you can about the story before reading it. After you finish reading, 
check your list of clues to see if they were all accurate. If not, determine what led you to form 
a misconception.
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C H A P T E R 1 :
Introduction to the World of Children’s Literature

25
The star icon used throughout this book designates the author’s favorites.
Summary 
Children’s literature is broadly defined as all books written for children, excluding refer-
ence books (such as dictionaries) that are not meant to be read in their entirety. The his-
tory of modern children’s literature is relatively short, dating back to 1865 when Lewis 
Carroll published Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland —the first novel written specifically 
for children that was purely entertaining. The prototype of the modern children’s pic-
ture storybook is The Tale of Peter Rabbit, published by Beatrix Potter in 1901. 
Literature is most easily studied in genres or categories with similar characteristics. 
The literary genres are early childhood books, traditional literature, fiction, biography, 
informational books, and poetry. These categories are typically used to determine where 
books are shelved in libraries. Children’s books are available in a variety of formats: 
picture books, easy-to-read books, illustrated books, graphic novels, chapter books, 
hardcover books, paperback books, merchandise books, series books, and ebooks. 
The prereading schema-building process can be used with all genres of books 
to build background knowledge so that readers can comprehend and enjoy reading 
new books on their own.
Children’s Books Cited in Chapter 1
Alcott, Louisa May. Little Women . Scholastic, 1868/1995. 
Allard, Harry. Miss Nelson Is Missing . Illus. James Marshall. Houghton Mifflin, 1977. 
Baum, L. Frank. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz . TAB Books, 1900/1958. 
Brown, Marcia. Stone Soup . Atheneum, 1989. 
Burnett, Francis H. Little Lord Fauntleroy . Buccaneer, 1886/1981. 
Carle, Eric. The Very Hungry Caterpillar . Philomel, 1969. 
Carroll, Lewis. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland . Illus. John Tenniel. BHB International, 
1865/1998. 
Carroll, Lewis. Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There . Illus. John Ten-
niel. Morrow, 1871/1993. 
Collodi, Carlo. The Adventures of Pinocchio . Philomel, 1883. 
Crampton, Gertrude. Scuffy the Tugboat . Illus. Tibor Gergely. Western, 1946. 
Crampton, Gertrude. Tootle . Illus. Tibor Gergely. Golden Books, 1945. 
Defoe, Daniel. Robinson Crusoe . Knopf, 1719/1992. 
Denyer, Susan. At Home with Beatrix Potter: The Creator of Peter Rabbit . Abrams, 2000. 
Dickens, Charles. A Christmas Carol . Creative Edition, 1843/1995. 
Dodge, Mary Mapes. Hans Brinker or the Silver Skates . Amereon, 1865/1940. 
Hergé. Adventures of Tintin . Egmont, 2007. 
Holm, Jennifer L., & Matthew Holm. Babymouse: Heartbreaker. Random House, 2005. 
Jackson, K., & B. Jackson. Saggy Baggy Elephant . Western, 1947. 
Kibuishi, Kazu. Cloud Searchers. Graphix, 2010.
Kinney, Jeff. Diary of a Wimpy Kid: A Novel in Cartoons. Amulet Books, 2007. 
Kipling, Rudyard. The Jungle Book . Illus. Jerry Pinkney. Morrow, 1894/1995. 
Klise, Kate, & M. Sarah Klise. Dying to Meet You: 43 Old Cemetery Road . Sandpiper, 2010. 
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