T H E P L A C E : T H E A B U G H R A I B P R I S O N
Twenty miles ( 3 2 kilometers) west of Iraq's capital city, Baghdad, and a few miles
from Fallujah lies the Iraqi city of Abu Ghraib (or Abu Ghurayb), where the
prison is located. It lies within the Sunni triangle, the center of violent insurgency
against the American occupation. In the past, the prison was designated by the
Western media "Saddam's Torture Central" because it was the place where, dur-
ing the reign of the Ba'athist government, Saddam Hussein arranged for the tor-
ture and murder of "dissidents" in twice-weekly public executions. There are
allegations that some of these political and criminal prisoners were used in Nazi-
like experiments as part of Iraq's chemical and biological weapons program.
At any one time, as many as fifty thousand people were held in the sprawling
prison complex, whose name could translate into "House of Strange Fathers" or
"Father of the Strange." It had always had an unsavory reputation because it had
served as an insane asylum for severely disturbed inmates in the pre-Thorazine
era. Built by British contractors in 1 9 6 0 , it covered 2 8 0 acres ( 1 . 1 5 square kilo-
meters) and had a total of twenty-four guard towers encircling its perimeter. It
was a sprawling small city, partitioned into five walled compounds each meant to
hold particular kinds of prisoners. In the center of its open yard stood a huge
400-foot tower. Unlike most American prisons, which are built in remote rural
areas, Abu Ghraib is located within sight of large apartment houses and offices
(perhaps built after 1 9 6 0 ) . Inside, its cells were jammed with as many as forty
people confined in a 12-foot-square (4-meter-square) space and living under vile
conditions.
Colonel Bernard Flynn, Commander, Abu Ghraib Prison, described just how
close the prison was to those attacking it: "It's a high-visibility target because
we're in a bad neighborhood. All of Iraq is a bad neighborhood. . . . There's one
tower where it's built so close to the neighborhood that we can look into the bed-
rooms, you know, right there on the porches. There were snipers on those roofs
and on those porches firing at the soldiiers who were up there on the towers. So
we're constantly on guard and trying to defend this and trying to keep the insur-
gents away from coming inside."
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After the U.S. forces overthrew Saddam's government in March 2 0 0 3 , the
name of the prison was changed from Abu Ghraib—to dissociate it from its unsa-
vory past—to the Baghdad Central Confinement Facility (BCCF)—initials seen in
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