3.1.
Introduction to OFDM
Before entering into OFDM, the need of OFDM should be understood; the reason why
orthogonality is preferred in the signals. In frequency division multiplexing, users are
separated from one another spectrally with multiple users using separate frequency
channels and channel bandwidth being equal to the transmission bandwidth.
A simple Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) arrangement would be that
multiple frequency channels are arranged serially. For lower adjacent channel interfer-
ence, guard band is necessary which eventually increases the bandwidth of the system
and lowers the spectral efficiency.
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