Literary Devices

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Personification  

When a nonhuman thing is described using human characteristics. 

The effect of personification is to also help the reader with visualizing the imagery the author wishes to create.

Using human-like characteristics also can help readers sympathize or be more emotional towards non-human characters or objects. Examples:

The wind howled its mighty objection. Time creeps up on you. The fire ran wild.

Hyperbole

A hyperbole is an extreme exaggeration, usually used for emphasis.

The exaggeration in hyperbole is usually fairly obvious, for example you obviously are not being literal when you say you have a million things to do.

Examples:

I read a million books this summer. I am so hungry I could eat a horse. I had a ton of homework.

Repetition

Words or phrases are repeated throughout the text to emphasise certain facts or ideas.

Examples:

Down, down, down. Would the fall never come to an end! »I wonder how many miles I've fallen by this time?« she said aloud.

Down, down, down. There was nothing else to do, so Alice soon began talking again.

Onomatopoeia

The pronounciation of the word imitates a sound.

Onomatopoeia is used because it's often difficult to describe sounds.

Furthermore, a story becomes more lively and interesting by the use of onomatopoeia.