Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка для студентов

breaking of any of the maxims of 
the Cooperative principle does not mean that there is invariably a breakdown 
of communication
. There may appear to be the apparent breaking of a maxim to 
the analyst, whereas the interactants may feel that the cooperative principle in 
general, or even the maxim itself, has 
not
been broken. The breaking of a maxim 

---

127
may also involve some kind of trade-off, where one breaks a maxim in order to 
uphold another maxim, the latter of which may be more important in the 
communicative situation than the former.
It should be pointed out that the maxims suggested by Grice are not the only 
ones. Grice recognizes existence of other maxims as well: “There are, of course, all 
sorts of other maxims (aesthetic, social, or moral in character), such as “Be polite,” 
that are also normally observed by participants in talk exchanges, and these may 
also generate nonconventional implicatures” (Grice 1989:28) 
Grice’s research was further developed by Western scholars who worked out 
some “new” maxims: Do not contradict yourself without explanation (Stewart 
1983), Prepare for conversation (St George 1987), Speak idiomatically unless there 
is some special reason not to (Searle 1979), Do not request what you do not want 
(Harnish 1976), Do not mislead (Corliss 1981), etc., etc. 
3. The Politeness principle and Leech’s maxims 
G. Leech was the father of the social-pragmatics approach to Grice’s 
research. He worked on “a broader, socially and psychologically oriented 
application of pragmatic principles” (Leech 1983:80). G. Leech (1983) proposed 
the six maxims of the 
Politeness Principle 
(PP) as a way of complementing the 
CP and explaining how politeness operates in conversational exchanges. Leech 
defines