Lecture I theme I: Subject and aims of the History of English

Key words:

dead language – ўлик тил, ёзма манбалардан маълум бўлган, ҳозир кундалик ҳаётда қўлланмайдиган тиллар;

language materials: phonetics, grammar, vocabulary- тил материли: талаффуз, грамматика, лексика;

the evolution of language- тилнинг ривожланиш натижасида ўзгариши;

linguistic situation- тил муҳити, яъни қабила, давлат ва халқ тарихига доир, давлатдаги сиёсий, иқтисодий ва маданий ўзгаришларнинг тилга таъсири доирасидаги тил муҳити.

Lecture II

Theme II: Germanic languages

Plans:

1. The classification of Germanic languages.

2. Linguistic features of Germanic languages.

3. Chronological divisions in the History of English.

Literature:

1. Алексеева И.В. Древнеанглийский язык –M.: Просвещение, 1971. – 270 с.

2. Аракин В.Д. Очерки по истории английского языка. –M.: Просвещение, 1975. –298 с.

3. Бруннер К. История английского языка. / Пер. с нем. яз.-M.: Иностранная литература, 1986. –348 с.

4. Иванова И.Р., Беляева Т.М. Хрестоматия по истории английского языка. -Л.: Просвещение, 1973. – 276 с.

5. Иванова И.Р., Чахоян Л.Р. История английского языка.-M.: МГУ, 1976. –180 с.

6. Ильиш Б.А. История английского языка. -Л.: Просвещение, 1973. –332 с.

7. Резник Р.В., Сорокина Т.А., Резник И.В. История английского языка (на английском языке). – 2-е изд. – М.: Флинта: Наука, 2003. – 496 с.

8. Смирницкий А.И. Древнеанглийский язык. -M.: Просвещение, 1985. –168 с.

9. Смирницкий А.И. Хрестоматия по истории английского языка.- M.,1983.

10. Baugh, A., Cable, Th. A History of the English Language. New York, 1978. -446 pp.

11. Rastorguyeva T.A. A History of English. –M.: Vysšaja škola, 1983. -347 pp.

12. Strang, B. A History of English. London, 1974.-523 pp.
1. Languages can be classified according to different principles. The historical or genealogical classification, groups’ languages in accordance with their origin is from a common linguistic ancestor.

Genetically, English belongs to the Germanic or Teutonic group of languages, which is one of the twelve groups of the IE linguistic family. Most of the area of Europe and large parts of other continents are occupied today by the IE languages, Germanic being one of their major groups.

The Germanic languages in the modern world are as follows:

English — in Great Britain, Ireland, the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the South African Republic, and many other former British colonies and dominions;

German — in Germany, Austria, Luxemburg, Liechtenstein, part of Switzerland;

Netherlandish — in the Netherlands and Flanders (Belgium) (known also as Dutch and Flemish respectively);