Lecture 5: Phonetics and Phonology as different branches of Linguistics

The second aspect of phonological typology classifies languages according to the type of sounds present or absent in each language. Some sounds are only rarely found in languages.

• Unusual sounds include: the Czech and Slovak voiced sound [h], Arabic pharyngeal. Arabic, English, new - Greek, Bashkirian [ө] and [ә], in Danish [ð] only, Uzbek, Arabic[қ], [ғ], [ҳ].
• Unusual omissions also include labial (nearly completely absent in Cherokee, Tlingit), nasals (absent from several Salish languages), Sibiliants (absent from Hawaiian).

Languages are also classified into consonantal if the consonants are absolutely more than vowels and non-consonantal if the number of vowels is more, equal or even nearly equal.

Questions for self-control

• Phonetics and phonology as different sciences.
• What types of phonetics exist in Linguistics?
• Differences between segmental and suprasegmental phonology.
• What kind of characterizing ways of vowels and consonants do you know?
• Syllable division in English and compared languages.
• The problem of interference in foreign language teaching acquisition (Phonetic and phonological levels).

Thanks for your attention!