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Bog'liq
German

in German both proper and 
common nouns are capitalized
(as are certain formal pronouns; see 
Grammatik 2-3
).


Grammatik 3-3 ~ Gender of Nouns
We have seen evidence of word gender in the pronouns we have been enountering; notably 'he', 'she', 
and 'it' in English and 
er

sie
, and 
es
in German. Just like many other languages (but not English), 
German has 
genders
for nouns as well. Noun gender is indicated by the 
definite article
, which should 
always be learned as part of the noun. For this reason, nouns presented in each lesson's 
Vokabeln 
include the gender appropriate definite article.
Definite Articles
The definite article (
bestimmter Artikel
) is equivalent to an English 'the', and the three basic gender 
forms of definite articles in German are as follows:
der
masculine 
die
feminine
das
neuter
To say 'the book' in German, you would say 
das Buch
, because 
Buch
is a 
neuter
noun. To say 'the man' 
in German, you would say 
der Mann
, because 
Mann
is a 
masculine
noun. To say 'the woman' in 
German, you would say 
die Frau
, because 
Frau
is a 
feminine
noun.
Noun gender does not always derive from actual gender where gender might be applicable. For 
example, 'the boy' is 
der Junge
(
masculine
); but 'the girl' is 
das Mädchen
(
neuter
). Also, nouns that 
have no inherent gender are not necessarily neuter. From this lesson: 'the watch or time piece' is 
die 
Uhr
('feminine').
Because German is generally more structured than English, it is important when learning German 
nouns to always learn them with their gender correct definite article; and in the 
Vokabeln
nouns are 
always given with their associated definite article. That is, you must memorize the word for 'book' in 
German as 
das Buch
, not simply 
Buch
. Not just definite articles, but indefinite articles and adjectives 
have endings that must match the gender of the noun they preceed. Using the wrong gender can alter 
the meaning of a German sentence, so in forming a proper sentence with 
Buch
, you will need to known 
that it is a neuter noun.

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