Контрольное задание

II. Выпишите предложения, содержащие в составе герундий и переведите их на русский язык.
2.1. The designing of the original trademark can be helpful in promoting products.
2.2. The company manager spoke about the possibility of decreasing the
production cost.
2.3. The government can regulate monopolies controlling the prices.
2.4. The planning of production helps to avoid income losses.
2.5. Planning production helps to avoid income losses.


III. Выпишите предложения в которых инфинитив является обстоятельством и переведите их на русский язык.
3.1. When people lose jobs, they do not immediately make a decision to cut down
consumption.
3.2. To employ workers with little human capital is one of the ways of minimizing
labour costs.
3.3. A number of measures are taken in order to increase profits of the enterprise.
3.4. The employers’ refusal to raise wages resulted in a strike.
3.5. The wage in this enterprise is too low to attract qualified workers.


IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст, затем выполните тест по тексту:
MANAGEMENT
Management is the art of getting things done through other people. It includes the personnel who have the right to make decisions that influence company's affairs.
The main thing is to get a result. In summary, a manager is anyone, at any level of the organization, who directs the efforts of other people wherever a group of people work together to achieve results, a manager is usually present. A manager is the catalyst who makes things happen.
There are three management levels: top management, middle management and operating management. Top management includes the president, vice presidents, and the general manager. Middle management includes department managers and plant managers. Middle managers are managers above the supervisory level but subordinate to the firm's most senior executives. Operating management includes supervisors, foremen, etc. Operating managers are persons who directly oversee the efforts of those who actually perform the work.
The most important responsibility of any manager is decision making. Most of the decisions are made by middle management. Top executives provide cross-communication throughout the company. They work out the overall strategy and make main decisions. Successful management is a skill of choosing from alternatives.
Decision makings are divided into: recognizing the problem, defining and analyzing the problem, evaluating alternative solutions, choosing the most favourable solution and implementing the approach chosen.
Management functions are planning, organizing, directing, controlling, staffing and innovating. It should be noted that successful management is based on three basic elements: leadership, motivation and communication.
To operate a successful business one should have management skills
because effective management is the key to business success. In a result-oriented management the main aim is not to issue instructions but to get results. That is why a manager’s pay should be linked to the performance of the enterprise where he works. If the result is poor for a few months running a manager must leave his office. New people should come instead. It will be a natural selection of a managerial staff when people with better knowledge, more expertise and truly original thinking will come to management.