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BADIIY SUZ TAL KINI
Problems of the importance and characteristics of the artistic word have attracted the attention of oriental authors since the early Middle Ages. It is known that the cultural ties between the ancient peoples of the East and the Barb led to the common, harmonious development of concepts in the field of poetics in the literature of the Arab, Persian-Tajik and Turkic peoples. As a result, a new poetic terminology appeared in the literature of these peoples, and its theoretical development was developed and ^{nurtured on the basis of} literary relations.
However, “those who developed the Arabic language through scientific research, who exalted the eloquence, eloquence, eloquence, eloquence, eloquence, wrote commentaries on the Qur'an, compiled authentic hadiths, introduced the Arabic language as Arabic, and spread the science and culture to the world. slogans ”[III, 76, 53-6.]. Consequently, the valuable sources available in the field of poetry in the literature of the Arab, Persian, and Turkic peoples testify to the fact that these peoples benefited from each other's scientific and literary experience and developed their theoretical views.
Commenting on Aristotle's Poetics, Abu Nasr al-Farabi, who creatively developed his ideas in this field, included poetry in the category of sciences of language in his works, such as The Treatise on the Classification of Sciences, The Treatise on the Laws of Art and Poetry, and divided it into three parts: weight, coffee and stylistics (stylistics refers to the lexical features that distinguish poetry from prose in the fall). ³⁷ '
From the point of view of the theoretical foundations of classical Shark literature developed in the Middle Ages, the concept of poetics is the science of meaning (the science of logical, clear and beautiful expression), the science of narration (the science of rhetoric and rhetoric) and the science of art (the art of composing and narrating speech). science).
Theoretical and literary research in a critical spirit, reflecting the evolution of poetic art in Arabic poetry, which appeared long before Islam and achieved great progress, belongs to the works of Arab-Muslim researchers of the second half of the VIII century - XI century.
Poetics Matters Abul-Hasan Nasr binni al-Hdsan al-Marginoni, a Central Asian author who theoretically developed the science of art in Arabic, Persian-Tajik, and Turkic literary studies, wrote in Arabic "Max, osin al-kalam" (10th century), Haji Muhammad bin Al-Isfahani's Kitab al-Zuhra (The Book of Zuhra), Ibn al-Mu'tazz's Kitab al-Badi, Kudama ibn Ja'far's Naqd ush-she'r, Khatib al-Tabrizi's Al-Kafi fil aruzi wa kdwafi. is given.
In these works, the possibilities of expression of artistic thought, the position of artistic means in speech are studied, these means are studied, their proper names are noted and classified. The arts, which on the one hand make a formal representation or image of the artistic thought (verbal) and on the other hand serve for the artistic perfection of meaning, have thus developed as a special branch of literary criticism in the golden age of Turkish classical literature. and reached their laws based on practical jihad. These laws of art and their peculiarities before Alisher Navoi, Rashididdin Watwat's "Hadoyik as-sikhr fii dakoyik ash-shir" (XII), Shams-i Qays Razi's "Al Mu'jam fii maoyir al-Ajam" (1218-1223) , Taj al-Khalavi's "Dakoyik ash-shir" (XIV), Sharaf ad-din Rami's "Hakoyik al-x.adoyik" (XIV), Ah, mad Tarozi's "Funun al-baloga" (1st half of the 15th century) ), Abdurahman Mon Jami's "Risolai kofiya", "Bakh, oristan" (XV), Hussein Waz Kashifi's "Badoe' al-afkor fii sanoyi al ash'ar" (XV) and Atoullah, Max, mud Husseini's "Badoe' us-sanoyi" ( 1493) and Navoi was aware of all these works.
It is known that one of the main lyrical genres of Turkish classical poetry is ghazal, the formation of which goes back to ancient Arabic poetry. The ghazal, which was formed under the influence of Arabic and Persian-Tajik poetry in terms of both form, subject matter and content, became the most popular of Turkish poetry during the Navoi period.