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Education in Uzbekistan and USA

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• Procedure of the lesson: I. Organizing moment
• Activity 1 Objective: to stimulate PP ideas about the topic
• IV. Main part Activity 2a Objective: to practise inferring the meaning of the new words from the context
• Activity 2b Objectives: to practise reading for specific information; to complete a table
• Activity 2c Objectives: to give PP freer speaking practice; to practise using grammar for making comparisons when speaking
• V. Post-activity Activity 3 Objective: to compare differences in spelling and vocabulary between British and American English.
• Different Kinds of Schools

Part of the lesson	Tasks
Time
1	Organizational Moment	-to greet pupils. - to check up the register	5 min
2	Repeating last lesson	- to give pupils some questions about last lesson. – to ask words from previous lesson	5 min
3	Explaining new theme	- to explain to pupils new vocabulary and theme	20 min
4	Consolidating new theme.	- to consolidate new theme and new words of the theme.	10 min
5	Marking.	- To mark pupils	5 min
6	Homework.	- Giving homework.

Procedure of the lesson:

I. Organizing moment: Motivation, Greeting, checking attendance, season, weather, checking the preparation for the lesson.

II. Asking homework:

- Check for homework given on past lesson.

- Ask pupils all new words learnt on previous lesson.
III. Pre-activity:

Activity 1

Objective: to stimulate PP ideas about the topic

Before you open the books, ask students to think of all the different types of school that they know. Write these words on the BB. Ask PP to open their books and compare the words on the BB with the types of school in the table.Are there any extra types of school in the table?

Draw PP attention to the questions and ask them to look at the information in the table and answer the questions with the help of the table.

Types of school	Age	Grade
Kindergarten	3-6	0
Secondary school	7-16	1-9
Specialized school	6-16	1-9
Specialized boarding school	7-16	1-9
Academic lyceum and college	16-18	10-12

1 What types of school are there in Uzbekistan?

2 Did you go to kindergarten? What age do children go there?

3 How old were you when you started school? What is the usual age for starting school?

4 When you finish class 9, where will you go?

Key:

1 Kindergarten, secondary, specialized, specialized boarding, academic lyceum and colleges; 2 Between 3 and 6 years old; 3 Usual age is 7; 4 To academic lyceum or college

IV. Main part

Activity 2a

Objective: to practise inferring the meaning of the new words from the context

PP read the text. They try to guess the meaning of the new words from the context first and then check them in the Wordlist.

Education in the USA There are five types of schools in the US education system. They are: kindergarten, elementary school, middle school, high school and private school. Children go to kindergarten when they are 5 years old. They go to elementary school from ages 6 through 11 (1-5 grades), middle school from ages 12 through 14 (6-8 grades) and high school from ages 15 through 19 (9-12 grades). About 90 percent of all children attend public school, which is free. The other 10 percent go to private schools, which often include religious education. They are similar to the public schools but parents must pay for their children to go to these schools. About half of all private schools are run by Catholics. In the United States, education is mainly the responsibility of state and local governments, not the national government. The amount of money spent on education differs from state to state. The subjects studied also differ a little. The school year usually runs from September to June. At the high school level, there are some specialized schools. They include schools that emphasize vocational subjects like business or auto mechanics. Most high schools are general schools. High school students are often involved in the non-academic activities that their school offers – for example, in drama clubs, sports teams, or the school newspaper.

Activity 2b

Objectives: to practise reading for specific information; to complete a table

Ask PP to read the text silently and quickly. When they finish, ask them to

complete the table.

Answer key:

Types of school	Age	Grade
Kindergarten	5	0
Elementary	6-11	1-5
Middle	12-14	6-8
High	15-19	9-12

Activity 2c

Objectives: to give PP freer speaking practice;

to practise using grammar for making comparisons when speaking

Remind PP of useful phrases used to compare things – ‘the same as’, ‘not the same as’ and ‘different from’. In groups, ask PP to find the similarities and differences and then discuss. When they finish, ask a number of PP to report back to the whole class.

V. Post-activity

Activity 3

Objective: to compare differences in spelling and vocabulary between British

and American English.

Ask PP to find these words in the Wordlist and identify the differences.Suggestion: Ask stronger PP to write their own sentences with words, e.g. I don’t go to a specialized school, I go to a secondary school.

VI. Homework to practise guessing the meaning of new words.Ask PP to find the words in the Calendar and to guess or find out their meaning in the Wordlist. PP then write their own school calendar.

VII. Evaluation. Giving marks

In the USA, children start school when they are five or six years old. Depending on the state, schooling is compulsory until the age of 16 or 18. Children younger than five can go to a nursery school or preschool.

At the age of five or six, the children attend elementary school (also known as grade school or grammar school), which last six years. The fist year at elementary school is called kindergarten.

After elementary school, students attend middle school (also known as junior high school) for three years. Then they continue at high school. In some states, students have to stay in school until they are 18 years old. In other states they may leave school at 16 or 17 with parental permission.

Age	School
< 5	Nursery school / preschool
5-11	Elementary school
11-14	Middle school / junior high school
14-18	High school / senior high school

When students in the USA say what year they are in, they usually use ordinal numbers, e. g. ‘tenth grade’. (In the UK students would use cardinal numbers, e. g. ‘year ten’.)

C lasses

At elementary school pupils primarily learn how to read, write and count. There are about 20 to 30 pupils in one class.

At junior and senior high school, mandatory subjects are English, math, biology, chemistry, physics, physical education and history. Schools also offer optional courses from which the students can choose, e. g. art, modern languages, computers. Physical education is a very important subject in the United States – many students participate in sports programs.

Gifted and talented students can take advanced courses in their schools or attend additional courses at community colleges in the afternoons or during the holidays. Often such courses are later acknowledged by universities, and can facilitate early graduation.

Grading Scale

In the USA (as in other English speaking countries) letter grades are used in reports.

A > 90 % (excellent)

B > 80 % (very good)

C > 70 % (improvement needed)

D > 60 % (close fail)

E > 50 % (fail)

F < 50 % (fail)

In general, only grades A to C are a 'pass' – a plus (+) or minus (-) might be added (e. g. A-, B+).

Different Kinds of Schools

Most students in the USA are enrolled in public schools. These are financed through taxes, so parents do not have to pay for their children's education. About 10 % of US students attend private schools, where parents have to pay a yearly fee.

Another option is homeschooling: approximately 1-2 % of parents in the USA educate their children at home. Some reasons for homeschooling are religious views, special needs (e. g. handicapped children), or problems in traditional schools (bullying, drugs etc.). However, there is also opposition to homeschooling claiming that the students have difficulties socializing with others, that homeschooling (often carried out by the parents) is of a poor academic quality and that (especially concerning religion) extremist views might be encouraged.

School Uniforms

It is not common for students in the USA to wear school uniforms, but many schools have dress codes telling students what kind of clothing is or is not allowed in school. Some schools (especially private schools) have started to require their students to wear school uniforms in order to improve school discipline and avoid 'fashion cliques'.

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