Karshi state university

THE MINISTRY OF HIGER AND SECONDARY SPECIALIZED EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF

UZBEKISTAN
KARSHI STATE UNIVERSITY
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KARSHI – 2022

Contents
Introduction...............................................................................................................
Chapter I. American literature in the 19th century…….……………....................
1.1 American Romanticism as a leading literary movement……………………..
1.2 Main themes of American Romanticism …………..………………………….
Chapter II. Henry Wadsworth longfellow as a major literary figure.……………
2.1Early life and literary career of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow……………..
2.2Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's contribution to American narrative poetry……….…………………………………………………………
Chapter III. Longfellow's poetry foundation…………………………..
3.1 Main themes in Longfellow's poems………………………………..
3.2 European style and joyful view of life in Longfellow's poems……..
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………..
Literature…………………………………………………………………………...


Introduction
After the American Revolution, and increasingly after the War of , American writers were exhorted to produce a literature that was truly native. As if in response, four authors of very respectable stature appeared. William Cullen Bryant, Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, and Edgar Allan Poe initiated a great half century of literary development.Bryant, a New Englander by birth, attracted attention in his 23rd year when the first version of his poem “Thanatopsis” appeared. This, as well as some later poems, was written under the influence of English 18th-century poets. Still later, however, under the influence of Wordsworth and other Romantics, he wrote nature lyrics that vividly represented the New England scene. Turning to journalism, he had a long career as a fighting liberal editor of The Evening Post. He himself was overshadowed, in renown at least, by a native-born New Yorker, Washington Irving.Compared with England, the United States has fewer peaks. In Huckleberry Finn, of course, it possesses a world masterpiece matched..Irving, the youngest member of a prosperous merchant family, joined with ebullient young men of the town in producing the Salmagundi papers , which satirized the foibles of Manhattan’s citizenry. This was followed by A History of New York , by “Diedrich Knickerbocker,” a burlesque history that mocked pedantic scholarship and sniped at the old Dutch families. Irving’s models in these works were obviously Neoclassical English satirists, from whom he had learned to write in a polished, bright style. Later, having met Sir Walter Scott and having become acquainted with imaginative German literature, he introduced a new Romantic note in The Sketch Book , Bracebridge Hall and other works. He was the first American writer to win the ungrudging (if somewhat surprised) respect of British critics.The aim of the coursework to learn American litrerutureWashington Irving, 19th-century print.Courtesy of the Rijksmuseum, AmsterdamJames Fenimore Cooper won even wider fame. Following the pattern of Sir Walter Scott’s “Waverley” novels, he did his best work in the “Leatherstocking” tales , a five-volume series celebrating the career of a great frontiersman named Natty Bumppo. His skill in weaving history into inventive plots and in characterizing his compatriots brought him acclaim not only in America and England but on the continent of Europe as well.Consider science-fiction writer Ray Bradbury's views on Edgar Allan Poe's “The Fall of the House of Usher”Consider science-fiction writer Ray Bradbury's views on Edgar Allan Poe's “The Fall of the House of Usher”Learn about Edgar Allan Poe's place in the Gothic literary tradition and his influence on contemporary science fiction by listening to science-fiction writer Ray Bradbury discussing Poe's story “The Fall of the House of Usher.” in an Encyclopædia Britannica Educational Corporation film, 1975.Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.See all videos for this articleEdgar Allan Poe, reared in the South, lived and worked as an author and editor in Baltimore, Philadelphia, Richmond, and New York City. His work was shaped largely by analytical skill that showed clearly in his role as an editor: time after time he gauged the taste of readers so accurately that circulation figures of magazines under his direction soared impressively. It showed itself in his critical essays, wherein he lucidly explained and logically applied his criteria. His gothic tales of terror were written in accordance with his findings when he studied the most popular magazines of the day. His masterpieces of terror—“The Fall of the House of Usher” , “The Masque of the Red Death” , “The Cask of Amontillado” , and others—were written according to a carefully worked out psychological method. So were his detective stories, such as “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” , which historians credited as the first of the genre. As a poet, he achieved fame with “The Raven” . His work, especially his critical writings and carefully crafted poems, had perhaps a greater influence in France, where they were translated by Charles Baudelaire, than in his own countryLongfellow met Boston industrialist Nathan Appleton and his family in the town of Thun, Switzerland, including his son Thomas Gold Appleton. There he began courting Appleton's daughter Frances "Fanny" Appleton. The independent-minded Fanny was not interested in marriage, but Longfellow was determined In July 1839, he wrote to a friend: "Victory hangs doubtful. The lady says she will not! I say she shall! It is not pride, but the madness of passion". His friend George Stillman Hillard encouraged him in the pursuit: "I delight to see you keeping up so stout a heart for the resolve to conquer is half the battle in love as well as war". During the courtship, Longfellow frequently walked from Cambridge to the Appleton home in Beacon Hill in Boston by crossing the Boston Bridge. That bridge was replaced in 1906 by a new bridge which was later renamed the Longfellow Bridge.In late 1839, Longfellow published Hyperion, inspired by his trips abroad and his unsuccessful courtship of Fanny Appleton.Amidst this, he fell into "periods of neurotic depression with moments of panic" and took a six-month leave of absence from Harvard to attend a health spa in the former Marienberg Benedictine Convent at Boppard in Germany.After returning, he published the play The Spanish Student in 1842, reflecting his memories from his time in Spain in the 1820s.Fanny Appleton Longfellow, with sons Charles and Ernest, circa 1849The small collection Poems on Slavery was published in 1842 as Longfellow's first public support of abolitionism. However, as Longfellow himself wrote, the poems were "so mild that even a Slaveholder might read them without losing his appetite for breakfast" A critic for The Dial agreed, calling it "the thinnest of all Mr. Longfellow's thin books; spirited and polished like its forerunners; but the topic would warrant a deeper tone". The New England Anti-Slavery Association, however, was satisfied enough with the collection to reprint it for further distribution.agreeing to marry him. He was too restless to take a carriage and walked 90 minutes to meet her at her house. They were soon married; Nathan Appleton bought the Craigie House as a wedding present, and Longfellow lived there for the rest of his life.His love for Fanny is evident in the following lines from his only love poem, the sonnet "The Evening Star"which he wrote in October 1845: "O my beloved, my sweet Hesperus! My morning and my evening star of love!" He once attended a ball without her and noted, "The lights seemed dimmer, the music sadder, the flowers fewer, and the women less fair.