Jadam organic Farming & Gardening : The Way to Ultra-Low-Cost Agriculture, Make All-Natural Fertilizer, Pesticide and Microorganism Inputs Yourself

Sudan grass
is a typical annual summer crop. It is good as green manure
and removes salt from soil in protected cultivations. It is tolerant of high tem-
peratures and draught, and easy to grow. Its early growth is slow but it grows
very fast after rooting. Even in the short-term, it produces a lot of organic mat-
ter that can be returned to the soil. As the fast growth rate allows four to ive
times of cutting every year, it can be used as a feed crop. It helps reduce nema-
tode damage and is good for curing problems from repeated monoculture. A
good time to sow is in the summer when the temperature is high because it
sprouts when the average temperature is over 15°C (59
℉
). e seeding rate is
4-5 kg (9-11 lb) per 0.1 ha (1/4 acre) in case of broadcast-seeding and 2-3 kg
(4.4-6.6 lb) for line-seeding with thin soil covering. To use as green manure, cut
and return to the soil before heading. To reduce salt from soil under protected
cultivation, grow them for over 60 days to let them absorb the salt, then remove
them. High groundwater level or alkalinity causes poor growth. 
Rapes
are one of the most common green manure crops with no part to be
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Soil Management
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wasted. After oil is pressed out of it, the pulp is mixed with urine and excre-
ments to produce organic fertilizer. Rape honey is a premium honey that can be
harvested in April and May. As it is so with barley, rapes can be double-cropped
with rice. Rapes can be harvested in early June and transplanting of rice
seedlings can be done around June 20. Sowing season is early October and
seeds can be broadcasted at a rate of 0.5 kg (1.1 lb) per 0.1 ha (¼ ac). In rice
paddies, drainage is necessary to prevent winter-time moisture damage. Its opti-
mum germination temperature is 20-25°C (68-77
℉
). e lowest it can tolerate
is 0-2°C (32-35.6
℉
). Rapes are vul-
nerable to cold; they grow in the
southern part of the country and
Jeju Island. If they are sown after
Oct 20, they will be prone to cold
damage during winter so sowing
them at the correct time is vital.
Today most of our cooking oil is
imported. But until the mid-60s,
we produced 72.4% of our cook-
ing oil. Rape seeds had 38-45% oil
content and thus made for a valu-
able resource. A good time for com-
bine harvesting is when seeds turn
completely black. When you har-
vest with a sickle, it is better to har-
vest a little earlier – when the seeds
begin to turn black. Wheat and
barley are effective when they are
grown with fruit trees that are
not tall, such as grapes. Like rye,
Rapes are planted in rice paddies. They grow as tall
as a person. One great feature is that you can collect
seeds for next use. It also helps suppress weeds in
the rice paddy.
Sudan grass grows very fast and can be used in
greenhouses. Corns can replace Sudan grass. 
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JADAM Organic Farming 
using in a mixture with hairy vetch
is a good idea, where the ratio of
hairy vetch to wheat or barley is
three to one. 
ere is a whole variety of
plants that can be grown in winter
and summer, in between the main
crop’s growth cycle.