MUNDARIJA K I R I S H ................................................................................................................................................................ 3
1-b o b .
E L E K T R O S T A T 1 K A
1- §. Jism larning elektrlanishi. Z aryadning saqlanish q o n u n i............................................................5
2- §. K ulon q o n u n i........................................................................................................................................... 8
3-§. E lektr m aydon. M aydon kuchlanganligi. M aydonlam i q o ‘shilishi (su p e rp o zitsiy asi)... 12
4-.§. O strogradskiy - G auss te o re m a s i.....................................................................................................15
5- §. O strogradskiy-G auss teorem asining tatb iq la ri............................................................................ 18
6-§. E lektr m aydonning bajargan ishi. E lektr m aydonning p o ten siali.......................................... 21
7-§. E kvipotensial sirtlar. P otensial g ra d iy e n ti......................................................................................25
8-§. Elektr m aydonda o ‘tk a z g ic h la r......................................................................................................... 27
9-§. D ipol va uning elektr m a y d o n i......................................................................................................... 29
10-§. Elektr m aydonda d ip o l...................................................................................................................... 31
11-§. D ielektrikning xossalari va q u tb la n ish i........................................................................................33
12-§. E lektrostatik induksiya v e k to ri....................................................................................................... 36
13-§. E lektrofor m a s h in a ............................................................................................................................. 41
14-..§. D ielektriklar uchun O strogradskiy - G auss teorem asi, uning integral va differensial
s h a k lla r i......................................................................................................................................................46
15-§. E lektr sig‘i m .........................................................................................................................................48
16-..§. K ondensatorlar v a ulam ing sig‘im i..............................................................................................49
17-§. K ondensatorlam i ketm a-ket va parallel u l a s h ........................................................................... 56
18-§. N u q tav iy zaryadlar sistem asining energiyasi. E lektr m aydon energiyasining z ic h lig i. 57
19-..§. E lektrostatik a sb o b la r....................................................................................................................... 60
2 -b o b .
0 ‘ Z G A R M A S T O K
20- §. Tok to ‘g ‘risida tu s h u n c h a ............................................................................................................... 62
21-§. T okning zichligi, o ‘tk a z u v c h a n lik ................................................................................................. 64
22-..§. O m qonunining integral ifo d asi.....................................................................................................66
23- §. 0 ‘zgarm as tokning ishi va q u v v a ti............................................................................................... 72
24- §. Joul- L ens q o n u n i..................................................................................................................... .........74
25-§. Q arshilikning haroratga b o g ‘liq lig i............................................................................................... 75
26-..§. R eostat (q arsh ilik lar)........................................................................................................................ 76
27- §. Q arshiliklarni ketm a-ket u la s h ....................................................................................................... 78
28- §. K irx g o f q o n u n la ri.............................................................................................................................. 79
29- §. Q arshiliklarni parallel u la s h ............................................................................................................80
3 -b o b
E L E K T R O ' T K A Z U V C H A N L I K N I N G
K L A S S I K N A Z A R I Y A S I
30- §. M etallarda zaryad tashuvchilarning ta b ia ti............................................................................... 82
31- §. M etallar elektr o ‘tkazuvchanligining klassik
elektron n a z a riy a si..................................................................................................................................84
2 7 3
32- §. K lassik nazariyaning qiyinchiligi va k a m c h ilig i.....................................................................87
33- §. 0 4 a o ‘tkazuvchanlik haqida tu s h u n c h a ..................................................................................... 88
34- §. M etallariing kvant nazariyasi haqida tu s h u n c h a ..................................................................... 91
35- §. M etallar va yarim o ‘tkazgichlam ing elektr o ‘tk azu v ch an lig i..............................................92
36- §. Yarim o ‘tkazgichlam ing xususiy va kirishm ali elektr o 'tk a z u v c h a n lig i..........................95
37- §. Yarim o ‘tkazgichlarda kontakt h o d isa si......................................................................................98
38- §. Yarim o ‘tkazgichli diod va tra n z is to r........................................................................................100
39-§. Elektrolitlarda elektr t o k i ............................................................................................................... 102
40-.§. Elektrolitlar uchun O m q o n u n i....................................................................................................107
41 -§. E lektrolizning texnikada qoM lanilishi........................................................................................109
4 2 - §. K im yoviy tok m a n b a la ri............................................................................................................... I l l
4 3-§. A k k u m u lato rlar..................................................................................................................................114
44-.§. G azlarda elektr t o k i .........................................................................................................................116
45- §. G azlarda m ustaqi! tok (razrad) va uning t u r la r i ....................................................................118
46- §. Plazm a to ‘g ‘risida tu s h u n c h a ......................................................................................................124
47-§. E lektronning chiqish i s h i ............................................................................................................... 126
48-.§. K ontakt potensiallar a y irm a s i......................................................................................................128
49- §. V akuum da elektr toki. Term oelektron e m issiy a..................................................................... 132
50- §. E lektron lampalar. D iod va t r io d ................................................................................................134
4 -b o b .
O Z G A R M A S T O K N I N G M A G N I T M A Y D O N I
51-§. Tokning m agnit m a y d o n i............................................................................................................... 140
52-..§. M agnit m aydon induksiya v e k to ri..............................................................................................142
53-§. B io-Savar-Laplas q o n u n i va uning q o 'lla n is h i....................................................................... 147
54-..§. M agnit m aydon kuchlanganligi. T o‘la tok q o n u n i............................................................... 150
55- §. M agnit m aydon induksiya vektorining uyurm ali xarak teri................................................ 153
56- §. M agnit induksiya vektorining oqimi. G auss te o r e m a s i...................................................... 154
57- §. M agnit m aydonning tokli o ‘tkazgichga ta ’siri. A m per q o n u n i ........................................156
58-§. Parallel toklam ing o 'z a ro ta'siri. Tok kuchi birligi - A m p e r..............................................158
59-.§. M agnit m avdonga kiritilgan tokli r a m k a .................................................................................160
60- §. M agnit m avdonda tokli k o n tu r ................................................................................................... 163
61-§. Tokli o ‘tkazgichning m agnit m aydonda harakatlanishiaa bajarilgan i s h ........................164
5 -b o b .
E L E K T R O M A G N I T I N D U K S I Y A
62-..§. E lektrom agnit induksiya hodisasi. Faradey ish lari............................................................... 166
63- §. Lensning induksiya q o n u n i......................................................................................................
169
64- §. О ‘zinduksiya hodisasi. E kstra toklar. In d u k tiv lik .............................................................y. 171
65- §. O 'z a ro induksiya h o d isa si.................................................... :.......................................................1’74
66- §. M agnit maydoi energiyasi va uning zichligi...........................................................................175
6 -b o b .
E L E K T R V A M A G N I T M A Y D O N D A
Z A R Y A D L I Z A R R A L A R H A R A K A T I
67- §. Lorens k u c h i ..................................................................................................................................... 178
68- §. Elektr va m agnit m aydonlarda zaryadli zarralar h a ra k a ti...................................................180
69 §. Xoll eftekti va uning q o 'lla n is h i.................................................................................................. 182
2 7 4
70- §. E lektrom agnit m aydonda plazm a. M agnitogidrodinam ik (M G D ) generatorning ishlash
p r in s ip i...................................................................................................................................................... 185
71-§. S ik lo tro n ............................................................................................................................................... 185
72-.§. Erkin elektrom agnit tebranishlam i hosil q ilis h ..................................................................... 189
73- §. Erkin elektrom agnit tebranishlar davri va c h a s to ta s i...........................................................193
74-§. S o ‘nuvchi elektr te b ra n is h ............................................................................................................. 196
75-..§. M ajburiy elektrom agnit tebranishlar. R e z o n a n s .................................................................... 201
76- §. Lam pali g enerator yordam ida elektrom agnit
teb ran ish larn i hosil q ilis h ...................................................................................................................205
7 -b o b .
O Z G A R U V C H A N T O K
77- §. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tok hosil q ilish ...................................................................................................... 208
78- §. Tok va kuchlanishning ta ’sir etuvchi q iy m a ti.........................................................................211
79- §. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tok zanjirida q a rs h ilik ........................................................................................ 212
80- §. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tok zanjirida sig‘i m .............................................................................................214
81- §. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tok zanjirida in d u k tiv lik ................................................................................... 216
82- §. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tok u ch u n O m q o n u n i........................................................................................ 218
83-§. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tok zanjirida rezonans h o d is a s i........................................................................220
84-.§. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tokning ishi, quvvati va uning foydali ish k o e ffitsiy en ti....................... 221
85- §. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tok g e n e ra to ri....................................................................................................... 225
86- §. 0 ‘zgarm as tok g e n e ra to ri.............................................................................................................. 226
87- §. 0 ‘zgaruvchan tokni to ‘g ‘rila sh ....................................................................................................228
88- §. T ra n s fo rm a to r................................................................................................................................... 229
89- §. E lektr energiyasini olisga u z a tis h ............................................................................................... 231
90-§. E lektrom agnit to ‘lqinlar va elektrom agnit m aydon .............................................................. 233
91 -§. Siljish t o k i ........................................................................................................................................... 237
92- §. M aksvell ten g la m a la ri.................................................................................................................... 239
94-§. E lektrom agnit toMqin energiyasi...................................................................................................244
U m ov - Poynting vektori. Elektrom agnit to ‘lqinlam ing b o sim i................................................. 244
95-.§. E lektrom agnit to ‘ lqinlar s h k a la s i............................................................................................... 254
96- §. E lektrom agnit to‘lqinlam i qayd etish. A. S. Popov
tom onidan radioning k a s h f e tilis h i................................................................................................. 255
97- §. H ozirgi zam on radioaloqasining p rin s ip la ri........................................... ............................... 257
8 -b o b .
M O D D A L A R D A M A G N I T H O D I S A L A R I
98- §. M oddalam ing m agnit m a y d o n i.................................................................................................. 260
99- §. D iam agnetik va p a ram ag n etik lar........................... .................................................................... 264
100-§. Ferrom agnetiklar xossasi va tu z ilis h i.......................................................................................266
101-§. F e r r itla r ..............................................................................................................................................270
102-§. E lektrom agnit va uning k o ‘tarish k u c h i.................................................................................. 271
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