Islom karimov nomidagi

Classification of Aviation Events

 Aviation events (Fig. 10) are classified as follows:

• aviation accidents;

• aviation incidents (serious aviation incidents);

• industrial accidents.

Aviation accidents, depending on their consequences, are divided into:

• accident with human casualties (disaster);

• accident without loss of life (accident).

Occupational accidents are divided into:

• damage to the aircraft;

• emergency situations.
An accident is an event associated with the use of an aircraft that occurs from the moment when a person came on board with the intention to make a flight, until the moment when all persons on board for the purpose of flying left the aircraft and during which:

1) a person receives fatal injuries as a result of being in the aircraft, except in cases where bodily injuries were caused due to natural causes, caused by oneself or by others, or when injuries were caused to stowaways hiding outside areas where passengers and crew members are usually open;

Note. For the purposes of uniformity of statistics only, bodily injury resulting in death within 30 days of the occurrence is classified as fatal injury.

2) the aircraft is damaged or its structure is destroyed, resulting in:

- structural strength is violated, technical or flight characteristics of the aircraft are deteriorating;

- major repair or replacement of a damaged element is required, except for: cases of engine failure or damage when only the engine itself, its hoods or auxiliary units are damaged, or only propellers, non-power glider elements, fairings, wingtips, antennas, pneumatics, brake are damaged devices or other elements, if these damages do not violate the overall structural strength, or there are small dents or holes in the skin; damage to the components of the main and tail rotors, rotor or tail rotor bushings, transmission, damage to the fan unit or gearbox, if these cases did not lead to damage or destruction of the power elements of the fuselage (beams); damage to the fuselage skin (beams) without damaging the power elements;

3) the aircraft goes missing or finds itself in a place where access to it is absolutely impossible.

Note. The aircraft was reported missing when its official searches were terminated and the whereabouts of the aircraft or its debris were not established. The decision to terminate the search for a civilian aircraft in distress is made by the Federal Aviation Administration (Federal Air Transport Agency).

         Human accident (accident) - an accident that resulted in the death or missing of any of the passengers or crew.

Disasters also include the deaths of any of the persons on board during their emergency evacuation from an aircraft.

Accident without human casualties (accident) - an accident that did not result in human casualties or the disappearance of any of the passengers or crew members.

Aircraft incident * - an event associated with the use of an aircraft that occurred from the moment when a person came on board with the intention to make a flight until the moment when all persons on board for the purpose of flight left the aircraft and due to deviations from the normal functioning of the aircraft, crew, flight control and flight support services, and the impact of the external environment, which could have an impact on flight safety, but which did not end in an accident.

* The list of events subject to investigation into operation as incidents is given in Appendix 1.

Damage to an aircraft on the ground - an event related to the maintenance, storage and transportation of an aircraft, in which damage is caused to the aircraft that does not violate its power elements and does not impair flight performance, which can be eliminated under operational conditions.

The causes (factors) of an accident or incident are the actions, inaction, circumstances, conditions, or a combination thereof, which led to the accident or incident.

Investigation - a process carried out to prevent accidents and incidents, which includes the collection and analysis of information, the preparation of conclusions, including the establishment of reasons and the development of recommendations for ensuring flight safety. A recommendation on the results of an accident and incident investigation aimed at ensuring flight safety is a proposal of a commission conducting an investigation made on the basis of information obtained during an investigation in order to prevent an accident or incident. A serious aircraft incident is an aircraft incident, the circumstances of which indicate that there was almost an aircraft accident.

Serious aviation incidents are characterized by the following symptoms:

• aircraft going beyond the expected operating conditions;

• the occurrence of significant harmful effects on the crew or passengers (smoke, vapors of caustic substances, toxic gases, high or low temperature, pressure, etc.);

• mean a significant decrease in the working capacity of crew members;

• a significant increase in the psychophysiological load on the crew;

• serious bodily harm by a person on board the aircraft;

• significant deterioration in the characteristics of stability and controllability, flight or strength characteristics;

• the occurrence of a real possibility of damage to vital elements of the aircraft as a result of an explosion, fire, non-localized destruction of an engine, transmission, etc .;

• destruction or disconnection of controls;

• damage to aircraft components not related to an accident.

Emergency incident - an event related to the operation of an aircraft, but not related to an accident, in which one of the following consequences occurs:

• the death of any of those on board the aircraft as a result of deliberate or reckless actions of the victim himself or other persons, not related to the functioning of the aircraft;

• the death of a person who arbitrarily entered an aircraft and hid outside areas where passengers and crew members have access;

• death of crew members or passengers as a result of adverse environmental influences after an emergency landing of an aircraft outside the aerodrome;

• death or personal injury with fatal outcome of any person outside the aircraft as a result of direct contact with the aircraft, its components or the gas-air jet of the power plant;

• destruction or damage to an aircraft on the ground, resulting in a violation of the strength of its structure or deterioration of flight performance as a result of a natural disaster or a violation of service technology, storage or transportation rules;

• hijacking or hijacking of an aircraft on the ground or in flight.