Irrigation

NaOCl & Ca(OH)2

• Complete chemomechanical instrumentation combined with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation alone accounted for the removal of most tissue remnants in the main canal. Prolonged contact with calcium hydroxide after complete instrumentation was ineffective.
• Tissues in inaccessible areas of root canals were not contacted by calcium hydroxide or sodium hypochlorite and were poorly débrided.

• Yang et al. 1998

NaOCl & EDTA

• Combining 5.0% sodium hypochlorite with EDTA enhance considerably the bactericidal effect.

• Byström & Sundqvist (1985)

NaOCl & CHX

• The alternate use of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate irrigants resulted in a greater reduction of microbial flora (84.6%) when compared with the individual use of sodium hypochlorite (59.4%) or chlorhexidine gluconate (70%) alone.

• Kuruvilla and Kamath (1998)