Iron and carbon is not as simple as one might think. Steel



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Medium carbon steel contains between approximately 0.3% and 0.6% carbon.

  • High carbon steel contains between approximately 0.6% and 1.4% carbon.

    Note: The chemical symbo l for iron = Fe, and carbon = C.

    Alloy steels

    The article goes on to look at alloy steels.

    The second main category of steel is alloy steels, which consist of iron, carbon and one or more alloying metals. Specific grades of alloy steel include:

    low alloy steels, which contain 90% or more iron, and up to approximately 10% of alloying metals such as chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum and vanadium

    • high strength low alloy steels (HSLA), which contain smaller quantities of the above metals (typically less than 2%)

    • stainless steels, which contain chromium as well as other metals - such as nickel - and which do not rust.

    tool steels, which are extremely hard, and are used in cutting tools. They contain tungsten and/or cobalt. A widely used grade of tool steel is high-speed steel, which is used in cutting tools that operate at high temperatures, such as drill bits.






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