Introduction to Software Testing


Watch out for “wishful labeling”



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software-safety

Watch out for “wishful labeling”

  • software diversity, expert systems, AI, software engineering
  • Also watch out for “proof by definition”:
    • fault tolerant = uses redundancy
    • safe system = uses monitors & shutdown routines

“Wishful labeling”

  • People tend to confuse an ideal with its implementation
    • E.g., All you need is monitoring and a shutdown routine to have a safe system.
  • Need a much greater understanding of the human element:
    • cognition, politics, social factors, training, ...

Workmanship standards

  • The early steam engines had low standards of workmanship, and engineers lacked proper training and skills.
  • There were more jobs for highly-trained and experienced technologists than there were suitable people to fill them
  • What do you think happened?

Safety engineering

  • There exists a wealth of knowledge and experience outside the realm of software development/engineering.
  • Safety engineering defines safety in terms of hazards:
    • Attack problem of system safety by reducing or controlling hazards.

Basic approaches to safety engineering

  • Avoidance: Stop hazards from occurring, or minimize their occurrence.
    • E.g., If fire is a concern, use non-flammable materials and minimize chance of sparks.
  • Disadvantages:
    • cost
    • performance

Basic approaches to safety engineering (Cont’d)

  • Recovery: Control hazards if/when they do occur.
    • E.g., sprinklers, fire doors, smoke detectors
  • Advantages:
    • cost, can be added after-the-fact
  • Disadvantages:
    • often less safe
    • cost
    • performance

Safety engineering (Cont’d)

  • In practice, a combination of the two is used.
  • Each system is different and requires careful analysis of:
    • risk
    • design
    • cost
    • performance

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