Introduction to Fire Safety Management

continued
)
defi ned, 107
described, 107–8
development of, 108–10
essential factors to consider, 
108–10
information available, 108, 109
use of JSA technique, 108
documentation, 110–11
permits to work, 111
standard formats available, 111
monitoring, reviewing and revising, 
111–12
emergency procedures, 112
periodic reviews, 112
when required, 108
Staff:
emergency procedures, 113–14
appointed persons and fi rst aiders, 
113
assessing level of provision, 113
liaising with emergency and rescue 
services, 113–14
feeling undervalued, 71–2
involved in planning and managing 
safety issues in the workplace, 
31
Stairways, 206–8
number of escape stairways needed, 
207
protection of escape stairs, 207
provision of fi re rated lobbies or 
corridors, 207
single staircase, 207–8
special fi re hazards, 207
Stakeholding, infl uencing pre-
movement behaviour and travel 
time, 246
fi nancial stake, 246
legal stake, 246
moral stake, 246
Stardust fi re, combination of 
combustible furniture and 
fl ammable ceiling and wall 
coverings, 186
Statement of intent, 32
displayed on notice boards, 32
enhanced by setting clear SMART 
safety objectives, 32
Steel, in building construction, 179–80
Steel sandwich panels, 181
implicated in rapid fi re spread and 
early building collapse, 181
Stewards/security staff, 257–8
deployment, based on risk 
assessment, 258
proactive role, 257
specifi c roles in emergencies, 257
training, demonstrate appropriate 
levels of competence, 258
Storage, of chemicals and LPG 
(hazardous materials), 151–4
arrangements for smaller amounts, 
153
containers, standards for, 153
degradation of LPG cylinders in 
corrosive atmospheres, 153
external storage arrangements, 
151–2
development of formal systems of 
work, 151–2
minimum separation distances, 
151
internal storage, 152–4
fl ammable storage facility, 154
in part of another building, 152, 
153
in separate buildings, 152
LPG storage facility, 154
storage within the workplace, 153–4
training, 154
ventilation, 152, 155–6
see also
CHIP (Chemicals (Hazard 
Information and Packaging 
for Supply) Regulations 2002); 
Hazardous substances
Storey exits, defi ned, 173
Storey exits, access to, 203–5
height of escape routes, 294
protection of dead-ends, 204–5
and subdivision of corridors, 205
separation of circulation routes from 
stairways, 203
separation of high risk areas, 204
storeys divided into different 
occupancies, 203
storeys divided into different uses, 
203
Sulphur dioxide (SO2), 313
Supply chain, 49–50
law relating to, 49–50
procurement problems, 49
Supply of Machinery (Safety) 
Regulation 1992 (as amended), 
16, 396–7
Surface water drainage, 315
only for uncontaminated rainwater, 
315
offence to polute controlled waters, 
315
Sweep, systematic and progressive 
checking of a building, 262
allocation of specifi c areas to fi re 
marshals/fi re wardens, 262
Systematic training, 68
main benefi ts gained, 68
training needs analysis, 68, 82
Team approach to risk assessment, 
86–7
Technically complex systems, 
maintenance of, 274
Thermal conductivity, building design 
and construction, 123
Tort of negligence:
and environmental harm caused by 
fi re effl uent, 314
in occupational health and safety, 18
Toxic substances, 357
Travel distances and means of escape, 
194–200
egress from inner room via access 
room, 196
limitations on, 239
room of ‘origin’ and ‘fi nal exit’, 194
Stage 1 travel, from room of origin, 
195–7
Stage 2 travel, from compartment of 
origin to place of relative safety, 
197–9
minimum number of escape exits, 
198
minimum widths of escape routes 
and exits, 198
risks associated with tall buildings 
and deep basements, 197
use of refuges, 198–9
Stage 3 travel, out of fl oor of origin, 
199–200
disabled people, 200
usually by staircase, 200
vertical escape travel to ground 
level, 199–200
Stage 4, fi nal escape at ground level, 
200
need for readily identifi able 
assembly point/transfer area, 
200
stages of travel, 194–200
UVCE (unconfi ned vapour cloud 
explosion), 127, 130
Ventilation:
buildings used for fl ammable 
materials, 152, 153
of storage areas, 155
mechanical ventilation/local 
exhaust ventilation (LEV), 155
positive pressure mechanical 
systems, 155
Ventilation/fume cupboards, 155–6
must have alarm systems, 155
zoning procedure, 155–6
Vermin, causing fi res, 137
Walls, external, construction of, 187
Waste:
authority for handling waste, 352
on land, 351–2
Waste and waste management 
systems:
accidental fi res, 140
fi re prevention, 157
Waste water disposal, 314–15
to foul drains, 314–15
Water, discharges to surface waters, 
356
Water Industry Act 1991, 314–15
surface water drainage, 315
waste water disposal, 314–15
Water Resources Act (1991), 356
Water run-off, containment of, 318–21
emergency containment systems, 
318–19
bunding of impermeable surfaces, 
318

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Index
419
catch pits and trenches, 318–19
portable tanks, oversize drums and 
tankers, 319
sacrifi cial areas, 318
emergency materials and equipment, 
319–20
booms, 320
drain seals, 320
proprietary absorbents, 319
sand and earth, 319
sealing devices and substances for 
damaged containers, 320
fi re fi ghting strategies and run-off 
management, 320–1
quantities of water used for fi re 
fi ghting, 321
waste management, 320
arrange disposal off site, 320
movement of with transfer note, 
320
provision of oil interceptors, 320
use of foul sewers, 320
Water sprinkler systems, automatic, 
217–21
fl ooding and inerting systems, 220–1
automatic, 220
design specifi cation, 221
location where fi tted, 220
small and large, 220
types of, 218–19
domestic sprinklers, 219
drenchers, roof, wall or curtain, 
window, 219–20
pre-action sprinkler system, 218–19
wet, dry and alternate, 218
water supplies, 217–18
alarm and monitoring unit, 218
control valves, 217–18
local/external alarm, 218
pipes, 217
sprinkler heads, 218
Water supply:
duty to secure, 353
emergency supplies, 354
for fi re and rescue, 362–3
Women of child-bearing age, and 
MHSW regulations, 12
Work equipment, 50–2
The Provision and Use of Work 
Equipment Regulations 1998 
(PUWER), 50–2
Workers, need adequate, focused 
safety training, 81
Workplace (Health Safety and Welfare) 
Regulations (1992), 16, 175, 
397–9
health requirements, 397–8
safety requirements, 398–9
Workplace inspections, conduct of, 
272–5
inspection programme must refl ect 
any specifi c legal requirements, 
272
maintenance of general fi re 
precautions, 274, 275
maintenance of technically complex 
systems, 274, 275
part of planned preventive 
maintenance, 272
person conducting the inspection, 
273–4
inspection aide memoire, 266–7, 
274
recording an inspection, 272–3
minimum of items to be recorded, 
272
recording of non-compliance, 
272–3
safety inspection form, 272
systematic approach to an 
inspection, 273
using the fi ndings of an inspection, 
274–5
actioning inspection fi ndings key 
management requirement, 275
recording of close-out actions, 275
Workplaces, safe and fi t for purpose as 
far as is practicable, 54