Интерпретация образ ивы в узбекских фолклоре рустамова Гавхар Бахроновна

Terak ekmay, tol eking,

Tolning soyasi yaxshi.

Juvon olmay qiz oling,

Qizning qilig`i yaxshi [3. 54 ]

In the above song, first of all, the parallelism of the images of poplar and willow with the images of a woman and a girl draws special attention. So, the image of a tree and a human being are chosen in parallel in the song. Why? To answer this question requires an approach to the event from the point of view of the poetic development of myth-ritual-folklore. This is because the first factor in the parallel song is the primitive totemistic views formed on the basis of the mythological ideas of our ancient ancestors, while the second factor is the ritual and tradition based on these totemistic views. are habits. After all, our people have a number of traditions associated with poplar and willow trees.

Folklorist Shomirza Turdimov, who has studied the use of symbols in Uzbek folk songs, emphasizes that the image of a willow comes in the symbolic sense of love, husband, man, life, destiny, male love [5.70-71] Indeed, willow branches a shady tree growing in all directions. It gives shade and beauty to the place where it grows. Its shade is pleasing to the body and pleasing to the heart. In this sense, he is reminiscent of a passionate lover, a passionate man - the head of the family. Based on this similarity, parallelism was created and a highly artistic song was created. From this it can be said that the image of a willow in the song is used to express the image of a lover, a man. Thus, the image of a poplar is also observed in folk art, mainly in the image of a man, a young man in love. But people often interpret the poplar as an epic "cowardly lover." According to one of his legends, an enemy invaded a country and began to seize wealth and women as booty. The battle was fierce. Then a cowardly young man saw that his beloved daughter had been captured by the enemy, but he hid in the basement, knowing that his life was precious.

The girl felt it and cursed the boy. Under the girl's curse, the young man turned into a poplar. It is said that the leaves of a poplar tree tremble in the wind. On the basis of such epic interpretations, as well as the fact that the poplar grows only in the sky, without shade, in folklore it carries such symbolic meanings as "pride", "arrogance", "cowardice", "dry beauty".

Thus, in the first two verses of the quartet, the characteristics of willow and poplar trees are described on the basis of mutual comparisons, thus logically paralleling the image of man, and in the following verses serve to clarify the main idea - the role of land in the family. That is, the poplar is tall, beautiful and glorious but does not cast a shadow; If the wind can't stand the wind and the leaves are constantly rustling and the nerves are damaged, the willow is shorter than the poplar, and although it is slender, it is more resistant to disasters and canopy in hot weather is done.

It is known that in life there are similar lands in terms of their nature and character. With this in mind, the song emphasizes the need for women to be vigilant when choosing a partner for marriage, to be fascinated by the young man's erect figure and beauty, and not to get lost. At the same time, the song says that men should choose a clean and pure girl not a woman, when choosing a spouse. Because cleanliness improves human life.