«интернаука» Научный журнал №8(231) Март 022 г. Часть Издается с ноября 2016 года Москва 2022 ббк 94 И73 Председатель редакционной коллегии: Еникеев Анатолий Анатольевич


particular language community [5]. One good example



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particular language community [5]. One good example 
for this – “to be/live in clover”. This idiom is translated 
into Kazakh as “ ішкені алдында, ішпегені артында”, 
which means to live happily, to live well, do not have 
any troubles. Originally this expression sounded like “a 
cow is / lives in clover”. It’s known that cows prefer 
clover to grass, thanks to it cow is quickly fattened [1]. 
Subsequently, this expression began to be used to 
emphasize the contented state of a person. Equivalent 
to this expression in Kazakh language is the phrase 
“ішкені алдында, ішпегені артында”. The verb “іш” 
means to drink, “ішпе” - not to drink, and the direction of 
action “алды” - forward, “арты” - behind. According to 
the literal translation of this phrase, you can understand 
from this that what a person wants he already has it, 
and what he did not get yet, he will get it a little bit 
later, and he has no problems with prosperity. 
Let’s consider following examples: 
“Too many cooks spoil the broth” in Kazakh 
equivalent is “қойшы көп болса, қой арам өледі”. 
This idiom means that when many people are involved 
in one job, its result may not always be successful. The 
source could be the fact that soup (broth) is essentially 
a very simple dish, but when several cooks take on its 
preparation, its result can be deplorable, since it’s known 
that everyone have their own taste. The Kazakh equivalent 
of this idiom, as already mentioned, is “қойшы көп 
болса, қой арам өледі”. It is known that from ancient 
times the Kazakh people paid great attention to cattle 
breeding. It was the main source of wealth for them. 
Today Kazakhs also pay great attention to this area of 
activity. The word “қойшы” means a shepherd, and 
“қой” - a sheep, “көп” - many, “арам” - malicious, and 
the verb “өлу” - to die. That is, the full equivalent of 
the expression “too many cooks spoil the broth”, only 
with a cultural flavor of Kazakh nation. 
“A cash cow” is translated as “табыс көзі”, which 
means a source of income. Initially, the idiom in 
English was “milch cow”, which meant a cow that 
gives milk, which, in fact, is the main source of income 
for farmers. It should be noted that this type of activity is 
the main business for the two nations. The Kazakh word 
“табыс” is translated as “income”, and “көз” in this 
context is “source”, not “eye”. Therefore, it becomes 
obvious that the connotative meaning of the word is used. 
The stable phrase “not have two pennies/nickels to 
rub together” has the Kazakh equivalent of “көк 
тиыны болмау”. It should be noted that in Britain, 
after silver, pennies began to be minted from copper, 
hence their depreciation. And in Kazakh language, 
“тиын” always means a small amount of money, and the 
word “көк” sometimes associates a positive meaning in 
such phrases as “көк – аспан” – blue, cloudless sky, and a 
negative meaning, for example, in the word “көкбет”, 
which means "unyielding, irreverent", and in this idiom 
also has a negative meaning. 
Translation of “to live (from) hand to mouth” is 
“шала құрсақ өмір сүру” which means barely making 
ends meet, living very poorly. This idiom originated 
from the events that took place during the Great 
Depression, that was a very difficult time. People did not 
know when they could eat again, and stuffed their mouths 
with everything that fell into their hands. This idiom was 
born with such literal meaning. In the Kazakh translation, 
we see such components as: “шала” - half, “құрсақ” - the 
womb, “өмір сүру” - to live. From this combination, you 
can deduce the concept - to live by half, which means to 
live in poverty. 
“Money talks” - “бәрін ақша шешеді” means that 
everything is decided by money. It is thought the 
etymology of this idiom is obvious – money gives 
unlimited power. In order to convey this expression into 
Kazakh, the meaning was transferred with clarification, 
the word “бәрі” can be used both for everything and eve-
ryone, the word “money” was translated directly - 
“ақша”, and the key word here is the verb “шешу” – to 
decide/solve something. So we get the expression – 
money is everything. 
The scientific paradigm shift contributed to a 
change in the view on the definition of phraseology. In 
contrast to the “traditional” phraseology, which considers 
phraseological units only as units of the language system, 
within the framework of the cognitive approach, 
phraseological units are most often defined from the 
item of the language-phenomenon, as “microtexts are 
drawn into its conceptualization all types of information 
that are typical for displaying the situation in the text, but 
presented in phraseological units in the form of 
“convolution”, ready for use as text in the text. It is 
within the framework of the cognitive approach that 
the meaning of a phraseological unit begins to be 
perceived not just as a construct, but as “a property of 
linguistic consciousness, a real source of information 
that works as a unit of a language code” [6]. 
Thus, we see that it is not so easy to translate this 
linguistic category such as idioms. Their meaning 
cannot be conveyed by literal translation, and the 
equivalent is not always found. Only by knowing the 
cultural characteristics and cognitive activity of the 


Журнал «Интернаука» 
№ 8 (231), 2022 г. 
10
target community, by passing through yourself the 
linguo-cognitive and linguo-cultural aspects, you can 
get an adequate translation. And it is worth noting that 
when it comes to figurative expressions, the above 
mentioned aspects always go in parallel. 
As it’s already been seen, the examples which is giv-
en above are results of historical events, circumstances 
and incidents that the people have undergone. And 
their use helps to express the spirit imprinted in them, 
and to reduce the time of speaking, as it is known that 
set phrases can express more than ordinary words. And 
some of them, depending on the scope of use, even 
develop into terms. After all, the language is also 
modified like the world. All of the aforesaid confirms 
the importance of further study of the topic raised. 

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