Innovation in the modern education system

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GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN QUARRY TRANSPORT SYSTEMS


https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6580254


Abdusamtova Nodira Saydulla kizi
Assistant, Department of Mining,
Almalyk branch of Tashkent state technical university


Abstract: In modern conditions, when the cost and even the shortage of fuel and energy resources are increasing, the assessment of the energy efficiency of industrial technologies is of particular importance. This article discusses the general principles of scientific substantiation of the energy efficiency of quarry transports and their evaluation by criteria for reducing specific energy consumption in the management of drilling, explosion protection, and excavation processes. the consumption of motor transport is solved in connection with the consideration of the thermal energy of diesel fuel in the calculation and the electric energy of conveyor transport and rail transport in comparison.
Keywords: Quarry, CFT, Dumping, Enrichment, electric energy, conveyor transport, railway transport

In recent years, the energy method for evaluating open-pit mining has received the greatest development in the works of prof. I.A. Tangaeva. In any technological process, he distinguishes three energy components:

Theoretical energy intensity of the process - the estimated specific amount of energy required for a given change in the physical state and spatial position of the object.
Specific energy consumption is the total amount of energy consumed in a given technological process per unit of output.
The specific energy intensity of the process is the physical specific amount of energy consumed in a real technological process to change the physical state and spatial position of a unit of mass or volume of rock. In this case, the specific energy intensity of the process Ef (MJ/t, MJ/m3) is recommended to be determined as the difference



where E - specific energy consumption, MJ / t (MJ / m³);
N_xx - idle power of the system, kW;
K - coefficient of proportionality;
T - measurement time, h;
Q - actual productivity, t (m3).
As you can see, the author understands the specific energy intensity as the difference between the total amount of energy consumed in this process per unit of production and the amount of energy spent on idling the system. This interpretation is not successful and therefore has not found practical application. In the machines of cyclical action, prevailing in quarries, the so-called idling is an integral part of the technological process. Moreover, the energy costs for idling can be predominant in some cases.
So, in the schemes of transporting rock mass from top to bottom, when loaded dump trucks move to descent, the main costs of diesel fuel fall on the lifting of empty dump trucks to the loading site, i.e. to that part of the technological cycle, which the author considers idle. On the other hand, in a number of technological processes (for example, blasting), it is practically impossible to single out idle running.
In this regard, in the future, under the specific energy intensity, we will understand the total amount of energy consumed in a given technological process per unit of output, i.e. the same as specific energy consumption.
All research experience, supported by the analysis of technical literature, indicates that this criterion is indeed universal and can be applied in various areas of material production. This approach is most widely used in the practice of open pit mining.
The composition of technological processes is determined by the structure of complex mechanization of mining operations and the type of mined rock mass (ore or overburden). So, in combined transport, the technological scheme of excavation with drilling, blasting, excavation and transportation also includes the process of reloading the rock mass from the assembly to the main transport; excavation of overburden and substandard ores - the process of dumping and storage.
If mining operations in a quarry are carried out according to several technological schemes, then the total specific energy intensity is determined from the expression

where specific energy intensity of the j-th technological scheme of mining operations, kJ/t;

m - the number of technological schemes;
Vj - volume of excavation and transportation of rock mass according to the j-th technological scheme, t/year