Ingliz tilida modallik manosini ifodalovchi fellar modal fellar deyiladi moddallik degani

4. Lekin CAN hozirgi zamon shaklida bo’lsa ham kelasi zamon manosida ishlatilishi mumkin. I can go today. Men bugun bora olishim mumkin.
I can go tomorrow = I shall be able to go tomorrow
5. CAN quyidagi ma’nolarni ifodalaydi:
a) CAN aqliy va jismoniy qobiliyatni ifodalaydi: I can speak English. Men inglizcha gapira olaman (aqliy qobiliyat). He can play tennis. U tennis oynay oladi. (jismoniy qobiliyat).
b) CAN vaziatdan kelib chiqqan mumkinlikni ifodalaydi. You can see the lake from the kitchen. You can’t see the lake from the living room. (Siz oshhonadan ko’lni ko’ra olasiz. Mehmonhonadan ko’lni ko’ra olmaysiz).
c) Ruxsat so’rash va ruxsat berishda ham “Can” ishlatilishi mumkin: Can I take your umbrella. Zo’ntigingizni olsam maylimi? Yes, you can take my umbrella. Ha, zontikimni olishingiz mumkin.
d) Can’t (be) “bo’lishi mumkin emas” birikmasi sodir bo’lgan narsaga nisbatan so’zlovchining o’z qarshiligini bildirishda, bu holatning sodir bo’lishi mumkin emasligini aytishda ishlatiladi.
You have just eaten lunch. You can’t be hungry already sen hozirgina tushlik yeding allaqachon och qolgan bo’lishing mumkin emas
e) Can’t be “bo’lishi mumkin emas” ma’nosida davomli zamon feli bilan ham ishlatiladi: He is sleeping now. He can’t be working now.
U hozir uxlayapti. U ishlayotgan bo’lishi mukin emas
He has gone to Italy. He can’t be coming.
U Italiyaga ketgan. U kelayotgan bo’lishi mumkin emas.
f) Can’t (be) ning o’tgan zamoni Can’t have (been) “bo’lishi mumkin emas edi” shaklida bo’ladi:
He passed me in the street without saying “Hello”. He can’t have seen me
U ko’chada menga salom bermay o’tib ketdi. U meni ko’rmay qolgan bo’lishi mumkin emas edi.
g) CAN HAVE so’roq gaplarda ham ishlatiladi va o’sha gapda “nahotki” deb
tarjima qilinadi: Can he have said it! Nahotki buni u aytgan
i) CAN HAVE Perfect continuous zamonida ham ishlatiladi va tarjimada “nahotki” so’zi ishlatilad: Can she have been waiting for us since 3 o’clock? Nahotki u bizni soat 3 dan buyon kutayotgan bo’lsa?