Inflyatsiya va ishsizlik o'rtasidagi korrelyatsiya Samuelson va Solowdan oldin va hatto aw phillipsdan oldin ham

C Aniqlangan daqiqalar
ÿ1,00%
ÿ0,75%
ÿ0,25%
0,25%
ÿ1,25%
ÿ0,50%
0,00%
C.1 AQSh pul zarbalari (Romer va Romer (2004)): 1% ga javob
Federal jamg'armalar stavkasini oshirish
Machine Translated by Google

---

10-savol
0,0%
10-savol
0,0%
ÿ1,0%
14-savol
ÿ1,0%
14-savol
Q0
18-savol
Q0
18-savol
0,5%
8-savol
1,5%
4-savol
ÿ0,5%
12-savol
ÿ0,5%
4-savol
12-savol
0,5%
8-savol
16-savol
ÿ1,5%
16-savol
ÿ1,5%
Q20
2-savol
Q20
2-savol
6-savol
1,0%
6-savol
1,0%
39-rasm: Real YaIM
40-rasm: Haqiqiy iste'mol
58
Machine Translated by Google

---

3%
8-savol
4%
ÿ5%
14-savol
2%
Q0
18-savol
1%
12-savol
ÿ1%
16-savol
0%
4-savol
ÿ4%
5%
Q20
7%
ÿ2%
3%
ÿ6%
16-savol
8-savol
6%
2%
12-savol
4%
2-savol
Q20
0%
1%
2-savol
6-savol
10-savol
14-savol
Q0
18-savol
ÿ1%
6-savol
7%
ÿ3%
10-savol
5%
6%
4-savol
41-rasm: Haqiqiy import
42-rasm: Birlik mehnat xarajatlari
59
Machine Translated by Google

---

10-savol
ÿ3%
12-savol
ÿ1,0%
ÿ5%
16-savol
ÿ2,0%
14-savol
Q0
18-savol
2-savol
Q20
10-savol
ÿ2%
0%
6-savol
ÿ4%
14-savol
ÿ1,5%
0,5%
4-savol
12-savol
ÿ0,5%
8-savol
18-savol
ÿ2,5%
16-savol
Q0
Q20
4-savol
2-savol
8-savol
0,0%
6-savol
ÿ1%
60
43-rasm: Uy-joy narxlari
44-rasm: O'rtacha nominal ish haqi
Machine Translated by Google

---

6-savol
2%
10-savol
0,0%
0%
14-savol
ÿ1,0%
10-savol
ÿ2,0%
14-savol
Q0
18-savol
8-savol
3%
5%
4-savol
1%
12-savol
ÿ0,5%
Q0
8-savol
18-savol
4-savol
16-savol
ÿ1,5%
12-savol
ÿ1%
16-savol
2-savol
Q20
ÿ2,5%
6-savol
2-savol
Q20
4%
61
45-rasm: Erkaklar kiyimlari narxlari
46-rasm: bandlik
C.2 AQSh fiskal zarbalari (Romer va Romer (2010)): YaIMning 1% ga javob
Soliq ortishi
Machine Translated by Google

---

Q20
ÿ3%
16-savol
2-savol
2-savol
Q20
6-savol
10-savol
6-savol
0%
14-savol
ÿ2%
0%
10-savol
Q0
18-savol
4-savol
ÿ2%
14-savol
Q0
18-savol
8-savol
4-savol
8-savol
ÿ1%
12-savol
12-savol
ÿ3%
16-savol
ÿ1%
48-rasm: Haqiqiy iste'mol
47-rasm: Real YaIM
62
Machine Translated by Google

---

2%
8-savol
ÿ4%
4-savol
ÿ8%
8-savol
16%
ÿ2%
12-savol
12%
ÿ6%
16-savol
ÿ12%
12-savol
ÿ2%
2-savol
Q20
2%
ÿ16%
ÿ6%
6-savol
18%
16-savol
8%
0%
Q20
4%
10-savol
14%
ÿ4%
ÿ10%
2-savol
6-savol
10-savol
14-savol
Q0
18-savol
ÿ14%
14-savol
10%
Q0
18-savol
6%
0%
4-savol
49-rasm: Haqiqiy import
63
50-rasm: Birlik mehnat xarajatlari
Machine Translated by Google

---

2-savol
Q20
ÿ2%
4-savol
ÿ4%
8-savol
0%
6-savol
ÿ2%
10-savol
ÿ6%
12-savol
2-savol
ÿ1%
1%
ÿ8%
ÿ3%
6-savol
1%
16-savol
ÿ4%
4-savol
Q20
Q0
10-savol
ÿ1%
8-savol
ÿ5%
14-savol
18-savol
12-savol
ÿ7%
14-savol
ÿ3%
Q0
18-savol
ÿ5%
0%
16-savol
64
51-rasm: Uy-joy narxlari
52-rasm: O'rtacha nominal ish haqi
Machine Translated by Google

---

ÿ3%
100%
0%
80%
ÿ2%
2%
90%
40%
30%
20%
110%
1%
50%
3%
70%
ÿ1%
60%
0%
Q0
12-savol
18-savol
14-savol
ÿ1%
2%
8-savol
1%
10-savol
4%
5%
2-savol
Q20
3%
4-savol
6-savol
ÿ2%
16-savol
65
54-rasm: AQSH shtatlari Phillips egri chizigÿi (99-06)
53-rasm: Erkaklar kiyimlari narxlari
D.1 AQSh shtatlari
G'arbiy Virjiniya
Indiana
Merilend
Nyu-Jersi
Illinoys
Missuri
Missisipi
ÿ Ishsizlik darajasi 99ÿ06
Vermont
Aydaho
Kanzas
Kolumbiya okrugi
Gavayi
Delaver
Ayova
Shimoliy Dakota
Ogayo
Florida
Meyn
Montana
Nyu-Meksiko
Nyu York
Vashington
Gruziya
Rod-Aylend
Alabama
Arizona
Michigan
Shimoliy Karolina
Oklaxoma
Minnesota
Kaliforniya
Virjiniya
Vayoming
Kolorado
Nyu-Xempshir
Viskonsin
Alyaska
Massachusets
Oregon
Janubiy Dakota
Kentukki
Yuta
Luiziana
Janubiy Karolina
Pensilvaniya
Tennessi
Arkanzas
Nevada
Konnektikut
Texas
Nebraska
ÿ
U
y
n
a
r
x
l
a
r
i
9
9
ÿ
0
6
D Mintaqaviy Phillips egri chiziqlari
Machine Translated by Google

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D.2 AQSh MSA
Viskonsin
Vermont
Shimoliy Karolina
Lafayette-West Lafayette IN
Yuta
Ogayo
Hanford-Korkoran CA
Tennessi
Meyn
Fresno CA
ÿ Ishsizlik darajasi 99ÿ06
Vayoming
Illinoys
Jorjiya Florida
El Centro CA
Odessa TX
Nebraska
Arkanzas
Nyu-Jersi
Nevada
Madera CA
Ayova
Alabama
Kolumbiya okrugi
Montana
Missuri
Massachusets
Kolorado
Oklaxoma
Pensilvaniya
MakAllen - Edinburg - Missiya TX
Yuma AZ
Brownsville-Harlingen TX
Janubiy Karolina
Visalia-Porterville CA
Indiana
Missisipi Minnesota
ÿ Ishsizlik darajasi 90ÿ95
Nyu York
Shimoliy Dakota
Texas
Konnektikut
Salinas CA
Vashington
Luiziana
Rod-Aylend
Alyaska
Kentukki
Virjiniya
Janubiy Dakota
Kanzas
Delaver
Kokomo IN
Oregon
Gavayi
Kaliforniya
Okean Siti NJ
Aydaho
Arizona
G'arbiy Virjiniya
Panama Siti FL
Nyu-Xempshir
Gulfport - Biloxi - Paskagoula MS
Nyu-Meksiko
Michigan
Merilend
ÿ30%
40%
2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
ÿ1%
110%
70%
0%
60%
ÿ20%
1%
0%
30%
50%
ÿ12% ÿ10% ÿ8% ÿ6% ÿ4% ÿ2% 0%
3%
90%
40%
80%
20%
10%
ÿ2%
120%
ÿ10%
2%
20%
100%
ÿ10%
ÿ20%
30%
0%
10%
50%
55-rasm: AQSh shtatlari Phillips egri chizig'i (90-95)
66
56-rasm: AQSh MSAs Phillips egri chizig'i (99-06)
ÿ
Uy
n
a
rxla
ri 
90
ÿ
95
ÿ
U
y
n
a
r
x
l
a
r
i
9
9
ÿ
0
6
Machine Translated by Google

---

30%
20%
ÿ6%
6%
ÿ30%
8%
ÿ20%
ÿ10%
0%
4%
2%
50%
60%
ÿ4%
40%
10%
ÿ2%
ÿ10% ÿ8%
10%
0%
12%
Visalia-Porterville CA
Los-Anjeles - Long Beach - Anaxaym CA
Okean Siti NJ
Vinchester VAÿWV
Saginaw MI
Hanford-Korkoran CA
Janesville-Beloit WI
Bay Siti MI
Yuma AZ
Oxnard-Ming Oaks-Ventura CA
Toledo OH
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande CA
ÿ Ishsizlik darajasi 90ÿ95
Kingston NY
Flint MI
57-rasm: AQSh MSAs Phillips egri chizig'i (90-95)
67
ÿ
Uy
n
a
r
xla
r
i
9
0
ÿ9
5
Machine Translated by Google

---

58-rasm: AQSh mintaqaviy Phillips egri chizig'i (06-09)
59-rasm: Evro hududining korrelyatsiyasi (2001-2007)
68
D.4 Yevro hududi mamlakatlari
D.3 AQSh okruglari
ÿ8%
20%
10%
ÿ4%
0%
ÿ80%
10%
0%
ÿ20%
ÿ8% ÿ6% ÿ4% ÿ2% 0%
ÿ60%
30%
4%
ÿ40%
4%
10%
ÿ70%
12% 14%
20%
30%
8%
5%
ÿ90%
ÿ2%
ÿ10%
ÿ6%
2%
ÿ30%
2%
ÿ50%
6%
25%
40%
15%
Latviya
Ishsizlik darajasining o'zgarishi 06ÿ09
Gretsiya
Fransiya
Niderlandiya
Avstriya
Ispaniya
Sloveniya
Italiya
Estoniya
Germaniya
Portugaliya
Ishsizlik darajasining o'zgarishi (2001-2007)
Finlyandiya
Irlandiya
Lyuksemburg
Belgiya
Inflyatsiya
(2001-2007)
Uy-
joy
narxlarining
o'zgarishi
06ÿ09
Machine Translated by Google

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Siz allaqachon ta'kidlashingiz mumkinki, kapitalning maksimal darajasida kapitalning marjinal mahsuloti nolga
teng, chunki:
E nazariyasi
aÿ1
aÿ1
0
a
aÿ1
a
a
aÿ1
1ÿa
0
0
0
aÿ1
1ÿa
a
aÿ1
a
aÿ1
1ÿa
aÿ1
aÿ1
aÿ1
aÿ1
E'tibor bering, biz bu ifodani ishlab chiqarish funktsiyasining intensiv shaklini bevosita farqlash orqali olishimiz
mumkin edi. Intensiv shakl:
K
AL
K
K
0
ÿ
1 1 - ¯k
ÿÿ
k
1 - ¯k
k
1 ÿ
2 ¯k
ÿF
MPK = ÿK
f
2 ¯k
ÿ ¯k
agar 0 < bo'lsa
ÿÿÿ
Shuning uchun:
AL
AL
agar 0 < k ÿ ¯k bo'lsa
k
ÿ
1
= a
ÿÿ
AL
y = f(k) =
(k):
f
AL
1
K
1 -
¯k
ÿK
Qachonki K/ AL > ¯k bo'lsa, kapitalning marjinal mahsuloti ham nolga teng bo'ladi: ishlab chiqarish funktsiyasida kapitalning
to'yinganligi mavjud.
agar k ÿ ¯k bo'lsa.
1 1 - k 2 ¯k
k
f
ÿF
AL
0
(k) =
1 ÿ
2 ¯k
ÿK
a
AL
¯k
k
ÿÿ
AL
(k) = akaÿ1 1 ÿ 2 ¯k
1
K
agar
k
= aKaÿ1 (AL)
=
k
2 ¯k
K
K
0
ÿ
1 ÿ
2 ¯k
K
k
1
K
2
k
1 - ¯k
2 ¯k
Ka (AL) 2
¯kAL
Xulosa qilib aytganda, kapitalning yalpi marjinal mahsuloti quyidagilarga teng:
ÿF
K
AL
MPK = 1 ÿ = 0 ¯k
ÿ akaÿ1 1 ÿ 2 ¯k
> ¯k
k
1
1
ÿÿÿ
agar 0 < k ÿ ¯k bo'lsa
69
AL
ÿ
MPK = ÿK
-
k a
ÿ akaÿ1 1 ÿ 2 ¯k
K
AL
ÿÿ
1 ÿ
2 ¯k
= akaÿ1 1 ÿ 2 ¯k
1 ÿ
2 ¯k
1
K
ÿ
ÿF
AL
a