Increasing biography of plants in salty sandy soils on the dry bottom of the aral sea



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INCREASING BIOGRAPHY OF PLANTS IN SALTY SANDY SOILS ON THE DRY BOTTOM OF THE ARAL SEA





INCREASING BIOGRAPHY OF PLANTS IN SALTY SANDY SOILS ON THE DRY BOTTOM OF 
THE ARAL SEA 
Z.A.Jabbarov
1
, T.Abdraxmanov
2
, M.F.Faxrutdinova
3
, O.N.Imomov
4
, Sh.Z.Abdullyev
4

murod.imomov2019@gmail.com tel: +998941406006 
Today, at a time of climate change, evaporation of moisture from the earth is caused by drought, 
desertification, drying of the Aral Sea and rising groundwater levels with high salt concentrations, uncontrolled 
irrigation water. Soil salinity is causing problems. As a result, the lands used in agriculture are becoming saline, 
and the whole world is experiencing not only a decline in the productivity of crops grown in our country, but also 
a deterioration of soil quality. This poses a threat to the security of the economy and global soil quality. Salinity 
levels have even increased due to the undisciplined use of traditional farming practices for irrigating and 
fertilizing arable land. In many places, the reclamation of our salt-contaminated lands has changed and remains 
uncultivated. In addition to tackling the salinity problem facing our farmers, salinization is a serious threat to 
global food security. (FAO, 2009) estimates that the world's population will reach 9.1 billion by 2050. [6] 
Practical solution for growing crops in saline soils As a result of research, a practical solution has been found: 
We know that the use of water in the irrigation of saline soils is high. Irrigation and its use in the management of 
water consumption (drip irrigation) in combination with alternative techniques through the selection and 
cultivation of the right (salt-tolerant) plants, allows the cultivation of salt-tolerant plants. In our research 
conducted at the 2nd training ground of the National University of Uzbekistan in the dry bottom of the Aral Sea 
in Moynak district of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, 13 hundred hectares of land were irrigated on the basis of 
drip irrigation technology. Interestingly, at a height of 40 meters, 2 tons of water is mechanically delivered from 
the reservoir to the irrigation pipes at a sufficient pressure in its direction. In the experimental field, the growth 
of 18 species of desert plants is achieved through drip irrigation. Irrigation methods and systems When choosing 
the method of irrigation, it is necessary to take into account the quality of irrigation water and its harmful effects. 
Both water and the method of application naturally affect the growth and vegetation of plants. Most importantly, 
when choosing a method of irrigation, the risk of salinization due to accumulation on the surface and inside the 
soil can affect the concentration of salts in the root zone, the composition of saline water can exhibit toxic 
properties in the plant body. (Pereira et al. 2014): [5] Changes in soil permeability due to changes in soil properties 
do not allow the irrigation system to determine irrigation management methods in the appropriate order as a result 
of soil compaction. Drip irrigation is sensitive to salt and Suitable for hardy plants, as small and frequent watering 
allows you to control the moisture to the depth of the soil to the normal depth, but it is recommended to prevent 
the return of salts to the wet soil surface. should meet the requirements and help to wash the salt. Eliminate salinity 
in the root zone and provide optimal conditions for plant growth, if the fields are properly leveled and the 
distribution of water and salt is the same. For drip irrigation, short and frequent application is required. 
Maintaining maximum humidity in the root zone of the plant When using an individual plant, it is best to use 
pipes to ensure that water does not fall to the roots. This is due to the fact that when the soil surface is wet, it 
evaporates quickly in arid areas. Frequent application of water to the bottom of the deep root causes the transfer 
of salt to the paste, creating a favorable environment for the plant. Only salt-tolerant plants adapted to such an 
environment develop. The use of individual drip irrigation pipes is highly effective in the selection of suitable 
plants for sandy soils on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea, and the reclamation of sandy soils is improved. 
thousands of hectares of desert pastures and their natural ecosystem sand the biodiversity associated with them. 
Irrigation methods and systems When choosing the method of irrigation should take into account the quality of 
irrigation water and its harmful effects. Both water and the method of application can affect the growth and 
vegetation of plants. Most important in the choice of irrigation method (Pereira et al. 2014): [4] The risk of 
salinization due to accumulation on the surface and inside the soil can affect the concentration of salts in the root 
zone, the composition of brine can exhibit toxic properties in the plant body . Changes in soil permeability as a 
result of changes in soil properties; As a result of soil compaction, the irrigation system does not allow to 
determine the irrigation management methods in the appropriate order. Drip irrigation is suitable for salt-sensitive 
and tolerant plants, as small and frequent watering allows you to control the moisture to the depth of the soil to 
the normal depth, but it is recommended not to allow the salts to return to the wet soil surface. [2 ] When planning 
irrigation, low-salinity water can also accumulate over time by adding salts to the soil, especially in arid climates 


where the irrigation schedule should meet the water requirements of the crops and help wash away the salt. 
Eliminate salinity in the root zone and provide optimal conditions for plant growth, if the fields are properly 
leveled and the distribution of water and salt is the same. [3] Drip irrigation requires short and frequent 
applications. [2] Maintaining maximum humidity in the root zone of the plant When using an individual plant, 
the use of pipes to ensure that water falls to the bottom of the root is very effective. evaporates rapidly in arid 
regions when the surface is wet. [1] Frequent application of water to the bottom of the deep root causes the 
transfer of salt to the paste, creating a favorable environment for the plant. Only salt-tolerant plants adapted to 
such an environment develop. Selective planting of adapted plants in the sandy soils of the dried bottom of the 
Aral Sea, the use of individual pipes for drip irrigation is highly effective, and the reclamation of sandy soils is 
improved. 
References 
1. Arora, S., Vanza, M. and Sahni, D. 2016. Bio-remediation of salie and sodic soils through halophilic bacteria 
to enhance agricultural production. J. of Soil and Water Conservation 15 (4): 302-305 
2. Isidoro, D. and R. Aragüés. 2007.River Water Quality and Irrigated Agriculture in the Ebro Basin: An 
Overview ’Water Resources Development, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 91–106. 
3. Amezketa, E, Aragües, R., Carranza, R. Chemical, spontaneous and mechanical dispersion of clays in arid-
zone soils, Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 95–107. 
4. Pereira R., Puccioni S., Simoni S., Tangolar S., Tardaguila J., Vignozzi N., Zombardo A. 2018. Effects of soil 
erosion on agro-ecosystem services and soil functions: A multidisciplinary study in nineteen organic farmed 
European and Turkish vineyards. Journal of environmental management, 223, 614-624. 
5. Kayasth, M., Kumar, V., Gera, R. 2014 Gordonia sp .: a salt tolerant bacterial inoculant for growth promotion 
of pearl millet under saline soil conditions. 3 Biotech 4: 553-557. 
6. Ayers, R. and D. W. Westcot. 1985.Water quality for Agriculture, FAO, Rome. 





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