I n t e r n a L medicine questions Bank

Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia:

1. 
   Strept. Pneumonia
   

EPIDEMIOLOGY — The overall rate of CAP in adults is approximately 5.16 to 6.11 cases per 1000 persons per year; the rate of CAP increases with increasing age [2]. There is seasonal variation, with more cases occurring during the winter months. The rates of pneumonia are higher for men than for women and for black persons compared with Caucasians. The etiology of CAP varies by geographic region; however, Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is the most common cause of pneumonia worldwide.

52. 
    Most common cause of pneumonia in alcholics:
    
    1. 
       Klebseiella
       

Klebsiella pneumonia — K. pneumoniae is responsible for approximately 6 percent of cases of CAP in Asia [17], but is less common in other regions (table 2). K. pneumoniae must be considered as a cause of severe CAP in patients who have significant underlying disease, such as COPD, diabetes, and alcohol abuse. In a study of 112 immunocompetent patients with severe CAP, multivariate analysis found K. pneumoniae was an independent risk factor for mortality [25]. (See "Overview of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection", section on 'Community-acquired pneumonia'.)

53. 
    Most common cause of spontaneous peritonitis:
    
    1. 
       E. Coli
       

B. Bacteria isolated f rganism	rom ascitic fluid in 5 ercent of isolates
scherichia coli	3
lebsiella pneumoniae	1
treptococcus pneumoniae
ther streptococcal species	9
nterobacteriaceae
taphylococcus
seudomonas
Miscellaneous* *In some regions particularly in warm weather 2008; 47:67.] Data from McHutc Infections, Surawicz, CM, Ow	0 of the world, such as months. Affected p hison, JG, Runyon, en, RL (Eds), WB

54.