I n t e r n a L medicine questions Bank

Minimal change glomerulonephritis

Minimal change glomerulonephritis nearly always presents as nephrotic syndrome, accounting for 75% of cases in children and 25% in adults

The majority of cases are idiopathic, but in around 10-20% a cause is found:

• 
  drugs: NSAIDs, rifampicin
  
• 
  Hodgkin's lymphoma, thymoma
  
• 
  infectious mononucleosis
  

Features

• 
  nephrotic syndrome
  
• 
  normotension - hypertension is rare
  
• 
  highly selective proteinuria
  
• 
  renal biopsy: electron microscopy shows fusion of podocytes
  

Management

• 
  majority of cases (80%) are steroid responsive
  
• 
  cyclophosphamide is the next step for steroid resistant cases
  
• 
  good prognosis
  

Respiratory medicine

RS MCQs Dr. Samah 2019

1. 
   In interstitial lung diseases, lung function tests most often show:
   
   1. 
      Reduced FEV1 and VC xxx
      
   2. 
      Increased total lung capacity (TLC)
      
   3. 
      Airflow obstruction
      
   4. 
      Elevated arterial PCO2.
      

2. 
   In patients with suspected idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the most valuable measure is:
   
   1. 
      Bronchoscopy
      
   2. 
      Sedimentation rate
      
   3. 
      Trial of steroids
      
   4. 
      Open lung biopsy xxx
      

3. 
   "Egg shell" calcification is seen in :
   

a-Bronchiolitis b-Silicosis xxx
c-Bronchogenic carcinoma d-Pulmonary TB

4. 
   Honeycombing of lung in chest radiograph is seen in :
   

a-pleural effusion b-Bronchial asthma
c- Bronchial Carcinoma
e-Interstitial lung disease xxx

5.