И. А. Курбасова Е. И. Силантьева

2. Определите значение выделенных-слов и словосочета­ний, не пользуясь словарем.

1. Electrification is one of the ways to increase the railway efficiency. 2. All main-line locomotives are fur­nished with electric current by means of the overhead sys­tem. 3. A special rail is used on the underground railways to conduct electricity to the trains. It is called a conduc­tor or a third rail. 4. As soon as the electrification of the Moscow—Lake Baikal Railway was completed in 1961, the line was brought into use for freight and passenger traffic. 5. Railway electrification has made a great advance since the Great October Socialist Revolution. 6. If the trains run with very short intervals, we say that the rail­way carries dense traffic. 7. The main lines are also called the "trunk lines". 8. All electrified trunk lines use the overhead power supply system also known as the ca­tenary. 9. Because of low efficiency steam traction has been replaced by diesel and electric haulage. 10. High ef­ficiency and great reliability are the chief advantages of electric haulage. 11. The speed record on electrified rail­ways belongs to the French locomotive. 12. The high cost of automatic control systems is economically justified.