The concept of human
capital
Adam Smith, cited by Schultz (1981: 140), originated
the idea of human capital (like so many other eco-
nomic concepts) when he wrote that: ‘The acquired
wealth of nations derives from the acquired abilities
of people – their education, experience, skills and
health.’ Individuals generate, retain and use know-
ledge and skill (human capital) and create intellectual
capital. Their knowledge is enhanced by the interac-
tions between them (social capital) and generates the
institutionalized knowledge possessed by an organ-
ization (organizational capital). This concept of
human capital is explained below.
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