The effects of globalization on English language learning: Perspectives from Senegal and the United States



Download 0,64 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish
bet9/18
Sana15.06.2022
Hajmi0,64 Mb.
#674343
1   ...   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   12   ...   18
Bog'liq
The effects of globalization on English language learning Perspe

 
 
 


EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON ENGLISH 
16 
Language and Education in Senegal
According to the most recent report in Ethnologue, Senegal is known to have great 
linguistic diversity throughout the country (Paul, Simons, & Fennig, 2016). The report confirms 
that there are 38 total languages in Senegal, 31 indigenous and 7 nonindigenous languages (Paul, 
Simons, & Fennig, 2016). The official language of Senegal is French, but there are 24 local 
languages and six other national languages that exist including: Wolof, Pulaar, Seereer, Joola, 
Mandinka, and Soonike. (USAID, 2015). In the education system, French is used in the majority 
of the classrooms since it is the official language in Senegal. More recently, however, there has 
been a movement to incorporate bilingual or multilingual instruction in the education system by 
including national languages (USAID, 2015). The English language is also highly valued in 
Senegal. According to Diallo (2011), about 86% of Senegalese people believe the education 
system should place more attention on learning English and the desire to learn English is very 
high. 
There has been controversy in African education regarding incorporating English into the 
classroom instead of using native languages of Africa (Mazrui, 1997). The functionalist 
response suggests that English instruction is a logical choice “because of its global status, 
because of its wealth of publications, because of its `affinity' with the inherited school system” 
(Mazrui, 1997). Supporters argue that learning English from a young age will enhance learning 
in all other subjects (Mazrui, 1997). On the other hand, nationalists and UNESCO believe that 
native languages should be used in education to enhance cognitive abilities early on and that 
instruction in the native language may support later language development (Mazrui, 1997). The 
World Bank and the International Monetary Fund take the nationalist’s side and support 
education in the native language of the country (Mazrui, 1997). Brock-Utne and Hopson (2005) 


EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON ENGLISH 
17 
discuss educational language issues in postcolonial Africa and defend that schools where 
multilingualism is prevalent ought to focus on promoting the maintenance of the mother tongue 
in addition to developing additional languages that are relevant in society in order to increase the 
functionality of the education. Hence, there is still controversy about language of instruction in 
many African education institutes and in other countries.
Due to the linguistic diversity within the country, Senegal is impacted by the 
globalization of languages and several national languages are at risk of becoming endangered in 
the future (UNESCO Endangered languages, n.d.). According to the report on Ethnologue, there 
are eight languages in Senegal that are at risk of being placed on the endangered languages list
and there are two languages that are currently endangered, including the following languages: 
Badyara, Bainouk-Gunyaamolo, Bainouk-Samik, Ejamat, Kobiana, Mlomp, Palor, Wamey, and 
Xasonga (Paul, Simons, & Fennig, 2016). The risk of losing languages has a negative effect on 
the perseverance of historical and cultural information (Nettle & Romaine, 2000). The impact on 
language deterioration in Senegal has varying effects on different communities. Sallabank (2013) 
states that language is part of one’s cultural identity, and when the language becomes 
endangered, a part of their identity is lost. Crystal (2000) agrees that language is a component of 
personal identity and identity creates unity among community members. Additionally, each and 
every language provides us with historical information through its words; it contains stories 
about the first speakers of the language and the evolution of the language (Crystal, 2000). 
Consequently, as languages begin to disappear, pieces of history will also disappear if there is no 
translation.
The existing literature provides numerous sources relating to the effects of globalization 
on language spread and how English has transformed into a global language. Moreover, there are 


EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON ENGLISH 
18 
publications that indicate that the globalization of languages, mainly English, has resulted in 
many endangered languages (Nettle & Romaine, 2000). There is not much research comparing 
the perspectives of university students learning English in West Africa to the perspectives of 
students learning English in the United States. Relating to research question one, this study 
focuses on expanding on the current literature regarding the perceptions of globalization 
affecting the spread of English as a nonnative language around the world. Specifically, to answer 
the first research question, information is gathered from observations and interviews in Senegal 
and the U.S. to gain qualitative data on perspectives of English as a global language. This 
information is essential in gaining a better understanding of how the globalization of language 
affects different areas of the world and how people perceive what is happening.

Download 0,64 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   ...   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   12   ...   18




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©hozir.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling

kiriting | ro'yxatdan o'tish
    Bosh sahifa
юртда тантана
Боғда битган
Бугун юртда
Эшитганлар жилманглар
Эшитмадим деманглар
битган бодомлар
Yangiariq tumani
qitish marakazi
Raqamli texnologiyalar
ilishida muhokamadan
tasdiqqa tavsiya
tavsiya etilgan
iqtisodiyot kafedrasi
steiermarkischen landesregierung
asarlaringizni yuboring
o'zingizning asarlaringizni
Iltimos faqat
faqat o'zingizning
steierm rkischen
landesregierung fachabteilung
rkischen landesregierung
hamshira loyihasi
loyihasi mavsum
faolyatining oqibatlari
asosiy adabiyotlar
fakulteti ahborot
ahborot havfsizligi
havfsizligi kafedrasi
fanidan bo’yicha
fakulteti iqtisodiyot
boshqaruv fakulteti
chiqarishda boshqaruv
ishlab chiqarishda
iqtisodiyot fakultet
multiservis tarmoqlari
fanidan asosiy
Uzbek fanidan
mavzulari potok
asosidagi multiservis
'aliyyil a'ziym
billahil 'aliyyil
illaa billahil
quvvata illaa
falah' deganida
Kompyuter savodxonligi
bo’yicha mustaqil
'alal falah'
Hayya 'alal
'alas soloh
Hayya 'alas
mavsum boyicha


yuklab olish