Present Simple Hozirgi oddiy zamon quyidagi holatlarda ishlatiladi

1.a piece of advice/cake/information/furniture/music
2. a glass/bottle of water/lemonade/iced tea
3. a jar of jam
4. a sheet of paper
5. a bar of soap/chocolate
6. a slice/loaf of bread
7. a tube of toothpaste
8. a(n) item/piece of news
9. a cartoon of milk/juice
10. a can of cola
11. a bag of flour
12. a lump of sugar
13. a tin of salmon
14.a pot of yoghurt
15.a drop/bottle of oil
16. a pot/cup of tea
17. a game of football
18.a block of wood/concrete
19. a bit/piece of chalk
20.a box of chocolate
21. a breath of fresh air
22. a drop of water
23.a speck of dirt/dust
24.a spot of ink
25. a rasher of bacon
26. a packet of rice
27. a bowl of soup
28.a flash/bolt of lightning
29. a clap/peal of thunder
30. an ice cube
31. a roll of toilet paper

2. Ba’zi otlar ma’noda farq bilan sanalishi yoki sanalmasligi mumkin.



Faqat ko’plikda ishlatiladigan otlar.
1. Juft otlar:

1. scissors-qaychi
2.spectacles(glasses)-ko’zoynak(quyoshniki,zrenya)
3.trousers-shim
4.jeans-jinsi
5.shorts-sho’rtik
6.pyjama-pijama
7.tights-kolgotki
8. scales-tarozi
9.tongs-ombur
10. pliers-qisqich
11. socks-paypoq
12.gloves-qo’lqop
13.binoculars-durbin, binokl
14. compasses-sirkul
15. pants

Bular a pair of birikmasi bilan kelishi mumkin.
2. People odamlar ma’nosida (faqat ko’plikda) xalq (ham ko’plikda, ham birlikda)
For.ex: There were a lot of people at the party yesterday.
Russian people is so kind
Peoples in America are very rich
3. Quyidagi so’zlar:

goods-tovarlar
slums-xarobalar
contents-mundarija
clothes-kiyim-kechak
proceeds-savdo tushumi
stairs-zinapoya
arms-qurol-yarog’lar
earnings-daromad,tushum
(good)looks
ashes-kul
outskirts-shahar cheti
premises-inshooat, bino, mulk

surroundings-atrof-muhit

For.ex: Designer clothes are expensive
4. group nouns:

Army-armiya
audience-auditoriya,tomoshabin
class-sinf
club-klub
commitee-qo’mita
council-kengash
crew-ekipaj, komanda
crowd-omma, olomon, ko’pchilik
headquarters-markaz, bosh boshqarma, shtab qarorgohi
family-oila
jury-hakamlar hay’ati
government-hukumat
press-matbuot, matbuot xodimlari
staff-ishci xodim, shtat
team-jamoa
poultry-parranda
firm-firma
cattle-chorva

Bu otlar ko’p holatda o’zidan keyin ko’plikdagi fe’lni talab qiladi. Lekin birlikdagi fe’l ham kelishi mumkin. Agar bular bir guruh sifatida umumiy aytilsa, birlikdagi fe’l – alohida har bir a’zo tushunilsa, ko’plikdagi fe’l ishlatiladi.
For. ex: The team(=the team as group) was the best in the country. The team( =each member seperately as
individuals) were all given medals
The government want to increase taxes.
The staff at school are not happy with their new working conditions.
NOTE: 1. Police har doim ko’plikdagi fe’lni talab qiladi;
For. ex: The police are investigating the murder.