Metalmaslar Organik moddalar

Aralash tuzlar – metal bir xil kislota qoldig’i xar xil bo’lgan tuzlar.
M; CaOCl₂ yoki Cl – Ca –O- Cl
Tuzlarning olinishi
1) Metallarga metalmaslarning ta’siri
Na + S → Na₂S K + Se → K₂Se
Na + Te → Na₂Te Ca + Cl₂ → CaCl₂
2) Metallarga kislotalarning ta’siri
Fe + HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂ K + HCl → KCl + H₂
Zn + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂ Ba + HCl → BaCl₂ + H₂
3) Asosli va amfoter oksidlarga kislotalarning ta’siri
Na₂O + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + H₂O CaO + H₂SO₄ → CaSO₄ + H₂O
BeO +HCl → BeCl₂ + H₂O BeO + H₂SO₄→ BeSO₄ + H₂O
4) Asoslarga kislotalarning ta’siri
Cu(OH)₂ + HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O Cr(OH)₂ + HCl → CrCl₂ + H₂O
Cu(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄→ CuSO₄ + H₂O Fe(OH)₃ + H₂SO₄→ Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + H₂O
5) Amfoter oksidlarga ishqorlarning ta’siri
BeO +KOH → K₂BeO₂ + H₂O BeO + NaOH → Na₂BeO₂ + H₂O
ZnO +KOH → K₂ZnO₂ + H₂O ZnO + NaOH → Na₂ZnO₂ + H₂O
6) Kislotali oksidlarga ishqorlarning ta’siri
NaOH + Cl₂O₅ → NaClO₃ + H₂O KOH + Cl₂O₅→ KClO₃ + H₂O
NaOH + P₂O₅→ Na₃PO₄ + H₂O KOH + P₂O₅→ K₃PO₄ + H₂O
7) Amfoter gidroksidlarga ishqorlarning ta’siri
Al(OH)₃ + KOH → K[Al(OH)₄] Cr(OH)₃ + KOH → K[Cr(OH)₄]
Be(OH)₂ + NaOH → Na₂[Be(OH)₄] Zn(OH)₂ + NaOH → Na₂[Zn(OH)₄]
8) Tuzlarga ishqorlarning ta’siri
CuSO₄+ KOH → Cu(OH)₂ + K₂SO₄ MnCl₂+ KOH → Mg(OH)₂ + K₂SO₄
Fe(NO₃)₂+ KOH → Fe(OH)₂ + KNO₃ CrBr₂ + KOH → Cr(OH)₂ + KBr
9) Tuzlarga kislotalarning ta’siri
HCl + AgNO₃ → AgCl + HNO₃ H₂SO₄ + Ba(NO₃)₂ → BaSO₄ + HNO₃
H₃PO₄ + CaCl₂ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + HCl H₂S + CuSO₄ → CuS + H₂SO₄
10) Tuzlarning o’zaro ta’siri:
NaCl + AgNO₃→ NaNO₃ + AgCl K₂SO₄ + Ba(NO₃)₂ → BaSO₄ + KNO₃
Na₃PO₄ + CaCl₂→ Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + NaCl K₂S + CuSO₄ → CuS + K₂SO₄
11) Asosli oksidlarga kislotali oksidlarning ta’siri:
CaO + CO₂ → CaCO₃ BaO + CO₂ → BaCO₃
MgO + SO₂ → MgSO₃ BeO + SO₂ → BeSO₃
Kimyoviy xossalari
1) Tuzlarga kislotalarning ta’siri
NaCl + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + HCl NaBr + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + HBr
FeS + HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂S Na₂S + HCl → NaCl + H₂S
2) Tuzlarga asoslarning ta’siri
Fe(NO₃)₂ + KOH → Fe(OH)₂ + KNO₃ CrBr₂ + KOH → Cr(OH)₂ + KBr
ZnSO₄ + KOH → Zn(OH)₂ + K₂SO₄ Al(NO₃) + KOH → Al(OH)₃ + KNO₃
3) Tuzlarning o’zaro ta’siri
CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ → CaCO₃ + NaCl Na₂SO₄ + Ba(NO₃)₂→ BaSO₄ + NaNO₃
Na₃PO₄ + CaCl₂→ Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + NaCl K₂S + CuSO₄→ CuS + K₂SO₄
4) Tuzlarning parchalanishi
CaCO₃→ CaO + CO₂
NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O
Mg(NO₃)₂ → MgO + NO₂ + O₂
AgNO₃ → Ag + NO₂ + O₂