Lte performance Analysis on 800 and 1800 mhz Bands



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III 


 

CONTENTS 

1.

 



INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1

 

1.1.



 

Evolution of wireless technology ................................................................... 1

 

1.2.


 

Objectives and scope of the research ............................................................. 2

 

1.3.


 

Research methodology ................................................................................... 3

 

2.

 



LONG TERM EVOLUTION ................................................................................... 4

 

2.1.



 

LTE requirements ........................................................................................... 4

 

2.2.


 

Evolved Packet System (EPS) ....................................................................... 5

 

2.2.1.


 

Logical elements of EPS .................................................................. 6

 

2.2.2.


 

Interfaces and Protocols ................................................................... 9

 

3.

 



LTE RADIO ACCESS TECHNOLOGY ............................................................... 11

 

3.1.



 

Introduction to OFDM ................................................................................. 11

 

3.2.


 

Single Carrier FDMA ................................................................................... 12

 

3.3.


 

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) ..................................................... 13

 

3.4.


 

Modulation techniques ................................................................................. 14

 

3.5.


 

LTE frame structure ..................................................................................... 14

 

4.

 



EPS MOBILITY MANAGEMENT (EMM) .......................................................... 16

 

4.1.



 

EPS connection procedure ........................................................................... 16

 

4.2.


 

IDLE state mobility management ................................................................ 17

 

4.2.1.


 

Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) selection ........................... 17

 

4.2.2.


 

Cell selection .................................................................................. 17

 

4.2.3.


 

Cell re-selection ............................................................................. 18

 

4.2.4.


 

Location Management.................................................................... 19

 

4.3.


 

Handover ...................................................................................................... 20

 

4.3.1.


 

Intra-LTE handover ........................................................................ 20

 

4.3.2.


 

Inter RAT handover ....................................................................... 25

 

4.4.


 

Measurement events and triggers ................................................................. 25

 

5.

 



PERFORMANCE INDICATORS .......................................................................... 27

 

5.1.



 

Link adaptation ............................................................................................. 27

 

5.2.


 

Physical Cell Identity (PCI) ......................................................................... 28

 

5.3.


 

Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) .................................................. 28

 

5.4.


 

Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) ............................................... 28

 

5.5.


 

Signal to Interference-Noise Ratio (SINR) .................................................. 29

 

5.6.


 

Capacity of memoryless channels ................................................................ 30

 

5.7.


 

Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) .......................................................... 31

 

5.8.


 

Downlink throughput ................................................................................... 31

 

6.

 



RADIO COVERAGE AND LINK BUDGET ........................................................ 33

 



 

IV 


 

6.1.


 

Free space model .......................................................................................... 33

 

6.2.


 

Okumura-Hata model ................................................................................... 34

 

6.3.


 

Link budget calculations .............................................................................. 34

 

6.3.1.


 

Cell edge SINR calculations .......................................................... 35

 

6.4.


 

Theoretical cell coverage calculations ......................................................... 36

 

7.

 



MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS .................................................................. 38

 

7.1.



 

LTE 800 MHz coverage measurements ....................................................... 40

 

7.1.1.


 

Measurement setup ........................................................................ 40

 

7.1.2.


 

CQI and link adaptation ................................................................. 40

 

7.1.3.


 

RSRP coverage analysis................................................................. 44

 

7.1.4.


 

RSRQ coverage analysis ................................................................ 51

 

7.1.5.


 

SNR analysis .................................................................................. 53

 

7.1.6.


 

Downlink throughput analysis ....................................................... 56

 

7.2.


 

LTE 1800 MHz measurements and comparison .......................................... 60

 

7.2.1.


 

CQI and link adaptation comparison ............................................. 60

 

7.2.2.


 

RSRP comparison .......................................................................... 62

 

7.2.3.


 

RSRQ comparison.......................................................................... 66

 

7.2.4.


 

SNR comparison ............................................................................ 68

 

7.2.5.


 

Throughput comparison ................................................................. 70

 

7.3.


 

UMTS 900 comparison ................................................................................ 73

 

7.3.1.


 

RSRP vs. RSCP.............................................................................. 73

 

7.3.2.


 

Throughput comparison ................................................................. 74

 

8.

 



CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION ..................................................................... 77

 

8.1.



 

Measurement analysis .................................................................................. 77

 

8.2.


 

Reliability and validity test .......................................................................... 78

 

8.3.


 

Limitations of the analysis ........................................................................... 78

 

8.4.


 

Moving ahead ............................................................................................... 78

 

REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 80



 

APPENDIX ..................................................................................................................... 83

 



 

 




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