On leaving Madinah, Usama had marched to Tabuk. Most of the tribes in this region
opposed him fiercely; but Usama, with the zeal and vigour of youth, swept across the
land with fire and sword. He raided far and wide in the region of Northern Arabia,
starting with the Quza'a, who scattered under the blows of his columns and then made
their way to Daumat-ul-Jandal (where Khalid had captured Ukaidar two years before).
Usama killed all those who fought him and burnt orchards and villages, leaving in his
wake 'a hurricane of smoke.'
1
As a result of his operations several tribes resubmitted to Madinah and re-embraced
Islam. But the Quza'a remained rebellious and unrepentant, and had to be dealt with again
a short while later by Amr bin Al Aas.
Usama next marched to Mutah, fought the Christian Arabs of the tribes of Kalb and
Ghasan and avenged the death of his father. There was, however, no major battle. Then
he returned to Madinah, bringing with him a large number of captives and a considerable
amount of wealth, part of which comprised the spoils of war and part the taxes paid by
the repentant tribes. The Army of Usama was warmly welcomed by Abu Bakr and the
people of Madinah, to whom its return brought comfort and assurance. It had been away
for 40 days.
After the defeat of the apostates at Zhu Qissa, several apostate clans turned viciously
upon those of their members who remained Muslims and slaughtered them. The killing
was done mercilessly, some Muslims being burnt alive and others thrown from the tops
of cliffs. Abu Bakr heard the news of these atrocities with cold anger, and swore that he
would kill every infidel who had murdered a Muslim and carry fire and sword to every
apostate clan.
Things were now looking up for the Muslims. The recent victories of Abu Bakr, though
not decisive, had raised spirits. Some of the apostate tribes living near Madinah had
repented, rejoined the faith and paid their taxes and more. The Army of Usama was back
with captives and wealth. The coffers of the Muslim State were full again, providing a
sound financial base for all-out war against the enemies of Islam.
But Abu Bakr decided that he needed more time before launching a general offensive, in
order to rest and re-equip the Army of Usama. He consequently ordered Usama to rest his
men at Madinah and while doing so also ensure the safety of the capital. His own hastily
scraped together force had now begun to feel like an army; and he decided to use this
army, while the Army of Usama rested and re-equipped, to fight another offensive battle
against the apostates gathered at Abraq. Now Abu Bakr really prepared for war, not only
to punish the tribes for the heinous crime of apostasy, but also to avenge the innocent
blood of the faithful Muslims who had been murdered by the apostates.
When Abu Bakr announced his intention of leading his army to Abraq, Muslim elders
tried to restrain him.
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