For two days nothing happened. The following day, as Khalid set out on the last day of
his march to Busra, the garrison of the town came out to give battle to the Muslims
outside the city. Both forces formed up for battle; but first there were talks between
Shurahbil and the Roman commander, at which the Muslim offered the usual alternatives,
Islam, the Jizya, or the sword. The Romans chose the sword, and in the middle of the
morning the battle began.
For the first two hours or so the fighting continued at a steady pace with neither side
making any headway; but soon after midday, the superior strength of the Romans began
to tell and the battle turned in their favour. The Romans were able to move forces around
both Muslim flanks, and the fighting increased in intensity. The temper of the Muslims
became suicidal as the real danger of their position became evident and they fought
ferociously to avoid encirclement, which appeared to be the Roman design. By early
afternoon the Roman wings had moved further forward, and the encirclement of
Shurahbil's force became a virtual certainty. Then suddenly the combatants became aware
of a powerful force of cavalry galloping in mass towards the battlefield from the
northwest.
Khalid was about a mile from Busra when the wind carried the sounds of battle to him.
He immediately ordered the men to horse, and as soon as the cavalry was ready, led it a
gallop towards the battlefield. Beside him rode Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr. But Khalid
and the Romans never met. As soon as the Romans discovered the arrival of the Muslim
cavalry, they broke contact from Shurahbil and withdrew hastily into the fort. The
Muslims under Shurahbil came to regard this occurrence as a miracle: the Sword of Allah
had been sent to save them from destruction!
Shurahbil was a brave and pious Muslim in his mid-sixties. A close Companion of the
Prophet, he was one of those who used to write down the revelations of the Prophet, and
consequently became know as a scribe of the Messenger of Allah. As often as not, he was
addressed by this title. As a general, he was competent and sound, having learnt a great
deal about the art of war from Khalid, under whom he had fought at Yamamah and in the
Iraq Campaign.
It took only a glance for Khalid to assess the relative strengths of the Muslims and the
Romans and he wondered why Shurahbil had not awaited his arrival before engaging the
garrison at Busra. As soon as the two met and greeted each other, Khalid said,
"O
Shurahbil! Do you not know that this is an important frontier town of the Romans and
contains a large garrison commanded by a distinguished general? Why did you go into
battle with such a small force?"
"By the order of Abu Ubaidah"
, replied Shurahbil. Thereupon, Khalid remarked,
"Abu
Ubaidah is a man of the purest character, but he does not know the stratagems of war."
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