be used to form this line. Each event on the battlefield would be shouted by A to B; by B
to C; by C to D; and so on.
2
Thus every action on the battlefield would be known to the
Emperor in a few hours.
Following the orders of the Emperor, Persian warriors began to concentrate at the
imperial capital. They came from all towns and garrisons except those manning the
western frontier with the Eastern Roman Empire. In a few days the first army was ready.
The Persian court expected the Muslims to proceed along the Euphrates to North-Western
Iraq. The Persians understood the Arab mind well enough to know that no Arab force
would move far from the desert so long as there were opposing forces within striking
distance of its rear and its route to the desert. Expecting the Muslims army to move west,
Ardsheer picked on Walaja as the place at which to stop Khalid and destroy his army.
(See
Map 10
.)
3
The first of the new Persian armies raised at Ctesiphon was placed under the command of
Andarzaghar, who until recently had been military governor of the frontier province of
Khurasan and was held in high esteem by Persian and Arab alike. He was a Persian born
among the Arabs of Iraq. He had grown up among the Arabs and, unlike most Persians of
his class, was genuinely fond of them.
Andarzaghar was ordered to move his army to Walaja, where he would soon be joined by
the second army. He set off from Ctesiphon, moved along the east bank of the Tigris,
crossed the Tigris at Kaskar,
4
moved south-west to the Euphrates, near Walaja, crossed
the Euphrates and established his camp at Walaja. Before setting out from the capital he
had sent couriers to many Arab tribes which he knew; and on his way to, Walaja he
picked up thousands of Arabs who were willing to fight under his standard. He had also
met and taken command of the remnants of the army of Qarin. When he arrived at Walaja
he was delighted with the strength of his army. Patiently he waited for Bahman who was
to join him in a few days.
Bahman was the commander of the second army. One of the top personalities of the
Persian military hierarchy, he too was a 100,000 dirham-man. He was ordered by the
Emperor to take the second army, when ready, to Walaja where Andarzaghar would
await him. Bahman would be in over-all command of both the armies, and with this
enormous might would fight and destroy the Muslim army in one great battle.
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