Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance



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Angela Duckworth - GRIT The Power of Passion and Perseverance (2016, Penguin) - libgen.li

Oh god, my daughter has
been defeated by a box of raisins! What are the odds she’ll grow up to have any grit?
I rushed over and encouraged Lucy to try again. I did my best to be both supportive and
demanding. Nevertheless, she refused.
Not long after, I found a ballet studio around the corner and signed her up.
Like a lot of parents, I had a strong intuition that grit is enhanced by doing activities like ballet . . .
or piano . . . or football . . . or really any structured extracurricular activity. These activities possess
two important features that are hard to replicate in any other setting. First, there’s an adult in charge—
ideally, a supportive and demanding one—who is 
not
the parent. Second, these pursuits are 
designed
to cultivate interest, practice, purpose, and hope. The ballet studio, the recital hall, the dojo, the
basketball court, the gridiron—these are the playing fields of grit.
The evidence on extracurricular activities is incomplete. I cannot point to a single study in which kids
have been randomly assigned to play a sport or musical instrument, compete on the debate team, hold
an after-school job, or work on the school newspaper. If you think about it for a moment, you’ll
realize why. No parent wants to volunteer their kids to do things (or not) by the flip of a coin, and for
ethical reasons, no scientist can really force kids to stay in (or out) of activities.
Nevertheless, as a parent and as a social scientist, I would recommend that, as soon as your child
is old enough, you find something they might enjoy doing 
outside of class
and sign them up. In fact, if
I could wave a magic wand, I’d have all the children in the world engage in at least one
extracurricular activity of their choice, and as for those in high school, I’d require that they stick with
at least one activity for more than a year.
Do I think every moment of a child’s day should be scripted? Not at all. But I do think kids thrive
when they spend at least some part of their week doing hard things that interest them.
Like I said, the evidence for such a bold recommendation is incomplete. But the research that 
has
been done is, in my view, highly suggestive. Put it all together, and you have a compelling case for
kids learning grit at the elbow of a wise ballet instructor, football coach, or violin teacher.
For starters, a few researchers have equipped kids with beepers so that, throughout the day, they
can be prompted to report on what they’re doing and how they feel at that very moment. When kids
are in class, they report feeling challenged—but especially unmotivated. Hanging out with friends, in


contrast, is not very challenging but super fun. And what about extracurricular activities? When kids
are playing sports or music or rehearsing for the school play, they’re 
both
challenged and having fun.
There’s no other experience in the lives of young people that reliably provides this combination of
challenge and intrinsic motivation.
The bottom line of this research is this: School’s hard, but for many kids it’s not intrinsically
interesting. Texting your friends is interesting, but it’s not hard. But ballet? Ballet can be both.
In-the-moment experience is one thing, but what about long-term benefits? Do extracurriculars pay off
in any measurable way?
There are countless research studies showing that kids who are more involved in extracurriculars
fare better on just about every conceivable metric—they earn better grades, have higher self-esteem,
are less likely to get in trouble and so forth. A handful of these studies are longitudinal, meaning that
researchers waited to see what happened to kids later in life. These longer-term studies come to the
same conclusion: more participation in activities predicts better outcomes.
The same research clearly indicates that 

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