First published by Context, an imprint of Westland Publications Private

The 
New 
York 
Times, 
4 
January 
2002,
https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/04/world/india-s-minefields-mean-
bitter-harvest-for-farmers.html
.
6
. Ibid.
7
.  Simon  Tisdall  and  Ewen  MacAskill,  ‘India’s  Deadly  Defence:  The
1,800  Mile  Long  Minefield’,  The  Guardian,  9  January  2002,
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/jan/10/india.kashmir
.
8
. Human Rights Watch Backgrounder, ‘Recent Landmine Use by India
and 
Pakistan’, 
May 
2002,
https://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/arms/ind-pak-
landmines.pdf
.
13. AMRITSAR AND NEW YORK: Histories Partitioned
1
.  The  Anarchical  and  Revolutionary  Crimes  Act  of  1919,  Imperial
Legislative Council, 18 March 1919.
2
.  Kim  A.  Wagner,  ‘Fear  and  Loathing  in  Amritsar:  An  Intimate
Account  of  Colonial  Crisis’,  itinerario,  42,  Special  Issue  1,  April

---

2018, 
no. 
15,
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/itinerario/article/fear-and-
loathing-in-amritsar-an-intimate-account-of-colonial-
crisis/3E9032CFEE54F3B2ED7A062216EE5EB6/core-reader
.
3
. Ibid., p. 7.
4
.  Committee  on  Disturbances  in  Bombay,  Delhi,  and  the  Punjab,
Report:  Disorders  Inquiry  Committee  1919-1920,  Superintendent
Government Printing, Calcutta, 1920.
5
. Kuldip Nayar, Scoop!: Inside Stories from the Partition to the Present,
HarperCollins Publishers, Noida, 2006, p. 34.
6
. Ibid.
7
. Nadeem Paracha, ‘Smokers’ corner: the “religious card”’, Dawn, 13
October 2019, 
https://www.dawn.com/news/1510546
.
8
.  Shahzeb  Jillani,  ‘The  Search  for  Jinnah’s  Vision  of  Pakistan’,  BBC
News,  11  September  2013, 
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-
24034873
.
9
. Ibid.
10
.  Anuradha  Raman,  ‘Clipped  Speech’,  Outlook,  9  September  2013,
https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/clipped-speech/287634
.
11
.  The  Editorial  Board,  ‘Institutional  erosion  is  an  early  symptom  of
the  implosion  of  democracy—and  elections’,  The  Telegraph,  11
April  2019, 
https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/institutional-
erosion-is-an-early-symptom-of-the-implosion-of-democracy-and-
elections/cid/1688523
.
12
.  Anuj  Bhuwania,  ‘The  crisis  of  legitimacy  plaguing  the  Supreme
Court in Modi era is now hidden in plain sight’, Scroll, 1 December
2020, 
https://scroll.in/article/979818/the-crisis-of-legitimacy-
plaguing-the-supreme-court-in-modi-era-is-now-hidden-in-plain-
sight
.
13
. Shoaib Daniyal, ‘RSS boast that it could mobilise a militia is a sign
of  how  violent  India  has  become’,  Scroll,  13  February  2018,
https://scroll.in/article/868493/the-daily-fix-rss-boast-that-it-could-
mobilise-a-militia-is-a-sign-of-how-violent-india-has-become
.
14
. Reporters Without Borders, ‘Media Ownership Monitor: Who owns
the  media  in  India?’,  29  May  2019, 
https://rsf.org/en/news/media-
ownership-monitor-who-owns-media-india
;  Archis  Mohan,  ‘BJP

---

richest political party with Rs 10.03 billion income in FY17: ADR’,
Business  Standard,  11  April  2018, 
https://www.business-
standard.com/article/politics/bjp-richest-political-party-with-rs-10-
03-billion-income-in-fy17-adr-118041001008_1.html
.
15
.  Jammu  Kashmir  Coalition  of  Civil  Society,  ‘Kashmir’s  Internet
Siege’,  August  2020, 
https://jkccs.net/report-kashmirs-internet-
siege/
.
16
.  Parvathi  Benu,  ‘India  is  already  a  Hindu  Rashtra:  What
Subramanian  Swamy  had  to  say  about  the  Indian  politics  and  the
Constitution’, 
Edex 
Live, 
9 
January 
2020,
https://www.edexlive.com/news/2020/jan/09/india-is-already-a-
hindu-rashtra-what-subramanian-swamy-had-to-say-about-the-
indian-politics-and-th-9848.html
.

---

A NOTE ON THE MAPS
p. 10
: Memoir of a Map of Hindoostan; or, The Mogul empire: with an
introduction,  illustrative  of  the  geography  and  present  division  of  that
country:  and  a  map  of  the  countries  situated  between  the  heads  of  the
Indian rivers, and the Caspian Sea, 1792.
This  map  originally  appears  in  Matthew  H.  Edney,  Mapping  an
Empire  :  The  Geographical  Construction  of  British  India,  1765-1843,
University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1997. It was reproduced in ‘Maps
and  Map-making  in  India’.  The  map  was  an  exhibit  in  ‘India  in  the
World’ at the Clark Library, created in conjunction with the Winter 2014
LSA Theme Semester, on display from 16 January–22 April 2014.
p. 12
: AP Wirephoto Map, The process of Partition, 1947, appears on the
Columbia  partition  archives  maps.  Link  to  the  original  title:
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00maplinks/modern/maps
1947/map060447b.jpg
.
p. 112
: Map speculating on a possible division of India from the Daily
Herald  newspaper,  4  June  1947,  The  National  Archives,  UK,  (CAB
21/2038).

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