British culture



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British culture

Contents

1Language

1.1Regional accents

2Arts


2.1Literature

2.2Theatre

2.3Music

2.3.1Classical music

2.3.2Popular music

2.3.3Folk and sub-national music

2.4Cinema

2.5Broadcasting

2.6Print

2.7Visual arts

2.8Performing arts, carnivals, parades

2.9Architecture

2.10Comics

3Folklore

3.1Robin Hood and the ballad tradition

3.2Mythical creatures

3.3Superstitions

3.4Traditional non-religious holidays

4National parks, museums, libraries, and galleries

4.1Heritage administration

4.2Museums and galleries

4.3Libraries

4.4Historical markers

5Science and technology

5.1Industrial Revolution

5.2Cars


6Religion

7Politics and government

7.1The Crown and parliament

7.2The law

7.3Honours system

7.4Counties

7.5Units of measurement

8Cuisine


9Sport

9.1Football

9.2Golf

9.3Rugby


9.4Tennis

9.5Boxing

9.6Cricket

9.7Horse racing

9.8Motor sports

9.9National sporting events

9.10Sub-national sports

10Healthcare

11Pets

11.1Statistics



11.2History

12National costume and dress

12.1Fashion

13Symbols, flags, and emblems

14Traditional communication and greeting cards

15Education

15.1England

15.2Northern Ireland

15.3Scotland

15.4Wales

15.5Outdoor education

16Sociological issues

16.1Housing

16.2Living arrangements

16.3Happiness

16.4Feminism

17Naming conventions

18See also

19Notes

20References

21External links



Forum

Начало формы



Конец формы



Countries and Their Cultures

 

 Cr-Ga



 

 Culture of England



England

Culture Name

English


Alternative Names

British, Britannic



Orientation

Identification. The name of the country and the term "English" derive from the Old English word for one of the three Germanic peoples that invaded the British Isles in the fifth century C . E ., the Angles. "Britain" and "British" derive from a Roman term for the inhabitants' language of the British Isles, called "Brythonic" or p-Celtic.

Englishness is highly regionalized. The most important regional divide is between the south and the north. The south, chiefly represented by the regions of the southeast, southwest, East Anglia, and the Midlands, now contains the economically most dynamic sectors of the country, including the City (the chief financial center of the United Kingdom) and the seat of the national government, both in London. The north, the cradle of industrialization and the site of traditional smokestack industries, includes Yorkshire, Lancashire, Northumberland, Cumbria, Durham, Merseyside, and Cheshire. Especially in the last decades of the twentieth century, the north has experienced deindustrialization, severe economic hardship, and cultural balkanization. England is also a culture of many smaller regionalisms, still centered on the old governmental unit of the county and the local villages and towns. Local products, such as ale, and regional rituals and art forms, such as Morris dancing and folk music, many of which date back to the preindustrial era, allow people to shape their attachments to their communities and the nation. Merged with the north–south divide and regionalism are notions of working class, middle class, and upper class as well as rich versus poor.

England's role as a destination for migration also has influenced conceptions of Englishness. Historically, the most prominent immigrant group has been the Irish, who came in two major waves in the modern era: 1847 and 1848 after the potato famine, and during and after World War II. Scots were present in England by the 1700s and settled in England in large numbers during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, often for economic reasons. Welsh in-migration came to prominence when deindustrialization began in Wales in the 1920s. This inmigration has brought the so-called Celtic fringe into English culture in a host of ways. There has also been the impact of Jewish, Flemish, Dutch, French Huguenot, German, Italian, Polish, Turkish, Cypriot, and Chinese cultures since the twelfth century. The loss of Britain's colonies has brought Afro-Caribbeans, Bangladeshis, Pakistanis, Indians, and migrants from northwestern and eastern Africa in significant numbers. Judgments of whether England's newcomers feel themselves to be "English" vary by group and even by individual.


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