Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
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340
AJMR
The role of the state in the development of India’s foreign trade is also of great importance. As in
export trade, the influence of the state on the development of imports is manifested, firstly,
through the state regulatory system and, secondly, through the direct participation of state
foreign trade companies and public sector enterprises in import operations.
State regulation of imports includes direct state control over currency regulation, licensing, tariff
policy, setting import quotas, import of certain goods. Each of these areas of regulatory activity
of the state is especially important in the context of complexity in trade and balance of payments.
According to him, the regulation of foreign trade by the state is primarily aimed at ensuring
foreign exchange savings. This goal is achieved by providing import preferences to state
exporters. In this case, the regulation of imports is inextricably linked with the regulation of
exports.At the same time, other measures by the state to regulate imports are aimed at
stimulating exports and saving foreign exchange. In particular, the issuance of licenses for the
import of equipment, raw materials, company and spare parts for the creation of additional
capacity to those operating for export.
Another important goal of government regulation of imports is to protect national industry. It is
here that protectionism has an anti-imperialist connotation and serves the national interest. The
protection of the national economy is achieved by the following:
- High payment of duties;
- Import quotas;
- Direct ban on products and goods that are indigenous to domestically produced products and
goods.The strong role of the state in imports is determined by the large scale of activities of state
foreign trade organizations and the granting of exclusive rights to import certain goods. Foreign
trade organizations are not the only government agencies involved in import operations. A large
volume of imports of machinery and equipment is carried out by state-owned industrial
enterprises, which are direct consumers of these goods.
The nationalization of imports has an impact on the nature of India's participation in world trade,
in the international division of labor. As the total share of the public sector in India's imports
increases, the rationalization of import trade resulting from national interests will be achieved,
and the negative impact of monopolies on the country's economic development will be limited.
Many Indian state-owned companies entered the world market due to orders from African and
Asian countries, which are major consumers of Indian machinery, metalworking, metallurgy and
chemical products, and later expanded their exports. It was a product of the industries in which
state-owned industrial companies operated.
The growing role of the state in export operations due to such growth in the volume of exports of
state foreign trade corporations and industrial enterprises has had a positive impact on the
effectiveness of India’s export programs.
First, with the active participation of the public sector, there was an increase in the share of
finished products in the country's exports, as well as goods with high currency efficiency
(machinery, chemical products).
Second, the state now has strong tools that can change the geographical direction of exports
based on priorities. In other words, the strengthening of the role of the state in export activities
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
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