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Best Practices

Sample DACUM Chart
(Courtesy of the Center for Regional Engineering Technology Education (CREATE))


12 Analyzing Your Program 
During the workshop process, expert workers on the DACUM 
panel work with the facilitator using guided brainstorming 
techniques to discuss and reach a consensus on a job title, 
job description, and identification of the areas of 
competency and tasks. Each suggestion is written on a card 
and attached to the wall for easy viewing by all panel 
members. This method 
ensures that the ideas 
can be easily created, 
rearranged, and 
discarded (or retrieved) 
during the panel 
discussion. Tasks are 
written using action 
verbs, to ensure that 
they are performance 
based and as clear as 
possible. When consensus 
on content is reached, 
the panel refines the 
wording and prioritizes 
the tasks. A graphical 
DACUM chart is 
developed, containing 
general areas of competency (in a single column to the 
left), followed by rows of the specific tasks within each 
general area.
Depending on the intended use and specific requirements 
of each DACUM, the panel may also identify the general 
knowledge and skills required of successful workers; the 
necessary facilities, tools, equipment, supplies, and 
materials; worker behaviors that are essential for success; 
and emerging technologies and issues likely to affect the 
occupational field. Whenever possible, the DACUM chart is 
validated with a wider industry representative audience.
 
 


Analyzing Your Program 13
Learning Support Analysis
In addition to determining what learning content is needed, 
the following areas need to be analyzed and factored into 
the overall needs analysis prior to and during curriculum 
development, as applicable: 
intelligences
vii

For more details on analyzing the learner and the learning 
environment, refer to the 
Supplementary Resources
section. 

Target audience characteristics, such as: 
o
Traditional or nontraditional students 
o
Prerequisite skills 
o
Learning styles (predominant types of learning
o
Working or full-time students 
o
Current levels of content expertise 
o
Experience
o
Socioeconomic, gender, culture, ethnicity, and 
race 
o
Special needs 

Learning environment, such as: 
o
Institutional support for program 
o
Availability of instructors 
o
Adjunct and/or full-time instructors 
o
Adequate facilities 
o
Proper equipment and materials 
o
Appropriate safety and health procedures, if 
applicable 


14 Designing and Developing Your Program 
In practice, the work of the design and development stages 
are more closely aligned than any of the other stages. 
Generally, in the design stage, you’ll select appropriate 
performance and learning objectives and assessment 
criteria. During the development stage, you’ll select the 
appropriate curricular components (such as general topics, 
specific content, and how information is presented) to 
support and promote those performance objectives and 
prepare for implementation. The recommendation 
mentioned in this guide’s introduction, which well bears 
repeating, is 

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