How to Master the ielts

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potent
powerful; having a strong effect
principal
the most important
reap
to get something; also, to gather in
recede
move backwards
reflect
to think carefully
reinforce
strengthen
scrutinize
inspect carefully; examine in detail
spilt
liquid overflowing its container (past participle of the verb ‘to spill’)
substantial
important; significant
surge
strong forward movement; eg the crowd of people surged forwards
surplus
an excess amount; that which is left over
sustainable
can be maintained
Reading Passage 
10
. Hacked off
bane
annoyance, causing problems
confidential
private; secret
consequences
caused by something done earlier
criminals
people guilty of crimes
employees
people who do paid work for an employer
extortion
to obtain something, usually money by making threats
fee
money paid out for something; for example, car parking fees
fix
repair/mend; solve
fraudulent
unfair; unlawful; trickery
inadvertently
not intended; a mistake
interfere
to get in the way, meddle with or obstruct
legitimately
legally
malicious
deliberately harmful; with malice
masquerade
pretending to be something or someone that it or she/he is not
metaphor
(part of figurative language) where the words that are normally used (the 
literal words) are replaced with different words to help to strengthen the message. 
Examples are: ‘A heart of stone’ meaning ‘to have no feelings; ‘It’s crystal clear’ 
meaning ‘it’s well explained’; ‘You can’t have your cake and eat it’ meaning ‘you 
can’t have both – you need to choose’