Health systems in transition : Uzbekistan

2
Fig. 1.1
Map of Uzbekistan  
Source: 
United Nations Cartographic Section.
changes in calculation procedures by the State Committee on Statistics, the 
share of the population living in urban areas was 51.2% in 2012. This is a 
much higher share than that estimated by the World Bank, which is based on 
World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations 
World Urbanization Prospects
 (Table 1.1).

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Health systems in transition
  
Uzbekistan
3
Table 1.1
Trends in population/demographic indicators, 1980–2013, selected years
1980
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2012
2013
Population, total (millions)
16.0
20.5
22.8
24.7
26.2
28.9
a
30.0
a
30.2
Population, female (% of total)
50.8
50.5
50.3
50.2
50.2
50.0
a
 49.9
a
Population ages 0–14 (% of total)
41.2
41.0
40.1
37.3
33.2
29.3
a
28.2
a
Population ages 65 and above 
(% of total)
5.1
4.0
4.2
4.3
4.7
4.1
a
 4.0
a
Population growth (annual %)
2.6
2.1
1.8
1.4
1.2
1.7
a
 1.5
1.6
Population density 
(people per sq km of land area)
37.7
48.2
53.6
57.9
61.5
62.4
a
 66.8
a
Fertility rate, total (births 
per woman)
5.1
4.1
3.6
2.6
2.4
2.3
a
 2.2
a
Birth rate, crude 
(per 1 000 people)
33.9
33.7
29.8
21.4
20.4
22.0
a
21.0
a
Death rate, crude 
(per 1 000 people)
7.5
6.1
6.4
5.5
5.4
4.8
4.9
a
Age dependency ratio 
(% of working-age population)
86.2
81.9
79.7
71.2
61.2
61.1
61.7
Urban population (% of total), 
World Bank estimate
40.8
40.2
38.4
37.4
36.7
36.2
36.2
36.2
Urban population (% of total), 
national statistics
a
51.2
51.2
Literacy rate
b
97.8
98.7
98.9
98.6
99.4
Sources
: World Bank, 2014; 
a
State Committee on Statistics, 2013; 
b
WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2014a. 
1.2 Economic context
Uzbekistan’s economy is mostly oriented towards services and industry, with 
a diminishing share of GDP generated by agriculture. Despite being a dry 
and landlocked country, 11% of Uzbekistan consists of intensely cultivated, 
irrigated river valleys. 
After the break-up of the Soviet Union, Uzbekistan experienced a significant 
fall in its GDP. Since then, GDP has been increasing again, with annual growth 
rates exceeding 8% in 2007–2012. In 2013, 49% of GDP was generated by 
services, 32% by industry and 19% by agriculture (Table 1.2).

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Health systems in transition
  
Uzbekistan