Health ministry of republic of moldova the university of medicine and pharmacy nicolae testemiţanu



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Medical psychology.book

Patient sick role
imply the following obligations and privileges: 
1.
Must want to get well as quickly as possible. 


102 
2.
Should seek professional medical advice and cooperate with the 
doctor. 
3.
Allowed (and may be expected) to shed some normal activities 
and responsibilities. 
4.
Regarded as being in need of care and unable to get better by his 
or her own decisions and will. 
Although having less power than doctors in the consultation, pa-
tients can nevertheless influence the interaction by their willingness to 
ask questions and assume a more participative role. It appears that youn-
ger people are more likely to expect a relationship of mutual participa-
tion than elderly people. Patients with a high social and educational 
level also tend to participate more in the consultation in terms of asking 
questions and asking for explanations and clarification than patients 
from a lower socioeconomic background and educational level. This 
possibly reflects their greater knowledge and confidence and the smaller 
status gap between doctor and patient. 
Patients are often passive and unquestioning during initial hospital 
consultations, whereas by the second or third consultation they generally 
initiate questions themselves and take a more participative approach.
Interaction in the consultation and the information and explanations 
provided by doctors has been shown to reflect their assumptions of the 
interests of different patient groups (Street 1991). For example, there is 
some evidence that doctors volunteer more explanations to some groups 
of patients, including more educated patients and male. 
A particular feature of general practice is the opportunity for perso-
nal continuity of care, with doctors and patients often knowing each 
other over a long period. Consultations therefore often take place in a 
familiar context and can benefit from the doctor’s prior awareness of the 
patient’s social situation, past history and concerns. By contrast, patients 
rarely experience this personal continuity in a hospital situation. In addi-
tion, communication on the ward is frequently limited by patient’s fee-
lings of a lack of privacy and difficulties of interaction can arise if the 
doctor or medical team stands at the end of the bed rather than coming 
close to and preferably sitting at the same level as the patient.
The content of consultations is also influenced at a macro level by 
the system of financing of health care. Consultations financed on a fee-
for-service basis generally occupy a longer time and doctors’ practice 
style is more patient-oriented than when they are paid on a per capita or 


103 
salaried basis. This is because a fee-for-service payment is often associa-
ted with a greater availability of resources, there is less institutional 
pressure to achieve a high patient throughput, and doctors feel a greater 
need to achieve a high level of patient satisfaction. Patients who are 
paying on a fee-for-service basis also tend to expect a longer consultati-
on and a full discussion with the doctor and are frequently more active 
in asking questions.

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