He was well versed in handas (geometry), mathematics, astronomy, history, literature, logic and music. Other sources confirm that he was an expert on the Koran, hadith and jurisprudence

He was well versed in handas (geometry), mathematics, mathematics, astronomy, history, literature, logic and music. Other sources confirm that he was an expert on the Koran, hadith and jurisprudence (special Muslim law). During the time of Mirzo Ulugbek, a scientist of fundamental sciences, science developed and flourished. A valuable document has reached us, which gives a vivid idea of ​​the sciences, works, textbooks and teaching aids taught in the madrasah.

This document was issued to Shamsiddin Muhammad, a student from Balkh who studied at the Mirzo Ulugbek madrasah in Samarkand, in 1435 with the permission and signature of the director of the madrasah Kazizade Rumi. Sanad is an Arabic word meaning proof, foundation, document. The document, written in Arabic, reads in particular: “... Shamsiddin Muhammad al-Bali decided to go to distant countries to study.

Suffering deprivation of exile, he lived in Samarkand for about 16 years. His thirst for pure science from the Valley of Demand grew day by day. He quickly understood the lessons because he was shrewd and intelligent. During the lesson, he understood the secrets of Abu Bakr Armavi's book "Lavome'-ul-asror min matole'-ul-anwar" ("Explaining the hidden secrets by the light of light"). "Badoe-ul-ibkar min tawole-ul-afkar" ("The art of young buds from the birth of thoughts")

As you can see, this document is a special certificate issued to one of the students on the occasion of the completion of the madrasah, during which the amount of knowledge acquired by the student, and a list of works, textbooks and teaching aids in various subjects that he read and the knowledge of the graduate in these subjects. If we pay attention to the specific and secular sciences mentioned in the document, which are deeply studied in the madrasah, one can imagine how high its scientific potential is. For a clearer understanding of the studied sciences, it is enough to pay attention only to the data of religious and humanitarian sciences: In the document we find the following information: “... Mafatih ul-abwab ul-adab (Keys to the doors of science Adab). He lifted the veil from the faces of the beautiful phrases in "Pioneer" and his trustworthy comments. Abul-Qasim Mahmud ibn 'Umar delved into the meaning of Zamakhshari's famous commentary on the Qur'an.

This scholar was a native of Khorezm, went to Arabia and studied Arabic grammar. At one time, "Jarullah" was called "Allah's neighbor."

“... The verses of the Koran pulled the dhurr out of the sea. Besides Andin, he learned about the subtle words and purposes of the pages of Mawakiy ul-Kalam (Philosophy of Religious Beliefs).

It examines the work of Burkhaniddin Margilani "Al-hidoya fi sharh ul-bidoya". This work consists of the rules of Sharia, the collection of fiqh.

“Having reached this level, he wanted to return to his homeland in order to deprive his compatriots of their knowledge. He asked me to allow him with a high certificate. I accepted his request ...” Poor ul-Hakir Musa ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud, known as Qazi ar-Rumi, was in the middle of the month of Rajab (February 1435) in 838 AH. This document is kept in the fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Raikhan Beruni under the number R10683-Sh1. Below are photocopies of some of its pages.

Shamsiddin Muhammad from Balkh, who graduated from the Mirzo Ulugbek madrasah in Samarkand. This document is not only a certificate, but also valuable information about the education system of madrasahs, Mirzo Ulugbek's attention to science and education. At the same time, he clarifies some of the socio-political and cultural problems of that period.

Shamsiddin Muhammad, originally from Balkh, Khorasan, came to study at the Mirzo Ulugbek madrasah in Samarkand. This historical information once again confirms the high prestige of the madrasah, in which not only Movarounnahr received education, but also immigrants from Khorasan, India, Greece and other countries of the East.

We also learn from the example of Shamsiddin Muhammad that the term of study in madrasah is 16 years. However, there are reports that this period does not apply to all students, but there are those who for some reason cannot study, and then suspend and resume their studies.

The titles of the works studied by this student during his studies are given separately. From the titles of the works mentioned in the certificate, it is clear that they belonged to both the science of transport and the sciences of literature. Several textbooks and manuals on the mental sciences at Madrasai Graduate School have been cited in various sources and include:

1) “Lavome al-asror fi sharkh matole al-anwar” by Abu Bakr Armavi (“Clarification of the mysteries of the rising rays”). The author of this work is Qutbiddin Muhammad bin Muhammad ar-Razi at-Takhtani (d. 766/1364), who wrote the book in 1328 in Arabic. The work is a commentary on the logical section of the book of Sirojiddin Urmavi (d. 682/1283), which discusses questions of philosophy and logic, entitled "Matla ul-Anwar" ("Ascent of the rays").

2) "Al-Kashshof ad-Dakayik at-Tanzil" ("A book commenting on revealed truths"). A well-known work on the interpretation of the Qur'an. The author is Abulkasim Mahmud bin Usman Zamakhshari (d. 538/1144). In Samarkand, Masud Taftazani (1322-1390) wrote a commentary on this work called "Sharkhi Kashshof". This commentary was also widely used by teachers and students of the madrasah.

3) "Al-Khidoya". The author of this famous work on fiqh is Burkhaniddin Mardzhinoni (born in 1123 in Marginon (Rashidon) and died in 1196 in Samarkand. His grave is in Chokardizad).

4) Al-Jome al-sahih. This is an authentic collection of hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (saath), compiled by Imam al-Bukhari (born in 810 in Bukhara and died in 870 in the Khartang region of the Samarkand region). During the years of independence of the republic, a magnificent mausoleum was erected over his grave.

5) "Kitab al-fiqh al-akbar". This famous work belongs to the pen of Imam Azam Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man ibn Sabit al-Kufi (80-150 / 700-767), the founder of the Hanafi school.

6) At-tazkira fi-l-hayat. The author of this work on astronomy was Nosiriddin Tusi (1201–1274), who spoke about the astronomical system of Batlim (Ptolemy). Mirzo Ulugbek used it when he lectured in madrasah.

7) "At-tuhfat ash-shahiy". This treatise is also devoted to astronomy and was written by Qutbiddin Mahmud ibn Mas'ud Shirazi.

8) "Badoe al-ibkar min tawome al-afkor" ("The art of buds in the generation of thoughts").

9) "Mafatih al-abwab al-adab" ("Keys from the gate of manners") and others.

This work includes treatises and commentaries by scholars such as Chagmini, Taftazani, Said Sharif Jurjani, Giyesiddin Jamshid Kashi, Kazizodai Rumi, among other subjects taught in the madrasah.

10) "Talvihot at-tavzikh" ("Explanation and interpretation of clarity"). 11) "Calendar al-mezon fi-t-tadil and tarjikh" ("Balancing the scales and weight correction").

12) "Minkas al-wusul ala ilm al-usul" ("Ways to comprehend the essence of faith").

13) "Ikhkam al-ahkam muntahabi muntahil amali wa-s-suol" ("Strengthening the judgments of the last hope and desire").

14) verses of the Quran.

15) "Mawaki al-kalam" ("Philosophy of Religious Beliefs").

16) "Nihol" ("Hidoya Sharkhi").