Grimm's law and verner's law


The aim of the course paper is the thorough analysis of Verner’s and Grimm law and study their works The sources



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GRIMM\'S LAW AND VERNER\'S LAW

The aim of the course paper is the thorough analysis of Verner’s and Grimm law and study their works
The sources of the course paper are scientific books and journals, which consist of related articles. Moreover, adequate information comes from several internet resources.
The structure of the course paper consists of introduction, main body, involving two and three sub parts, the conclusion, bibliography.
Conclusion of the course paper gives overall idea with all information which were provided.
Bibliography gives references of the course paper.
Primarily, we should answer the questions: what is phonetics? And what does it study? Definitely, phonetics is a branch of linguistics and it studies sounds of language
The Old English phonetics
The phonetic system of Old English preserved in general the Common Germanic structure of sounds. Main phonetic features of Germanic languages - Grimm's Law and Verner's Law - are clearly seen in Old English, as well as many processes which took part among vowels and diphthongs. However, Old English is sometimes moving further in developing the phonetics, and that is why some of its models are a bit hard to trace back to the Common Germanic period. That is why we decided to follow the way suggested by many linguists in description the Old English phonetics: to offer the explanations comparing to the Gothic language, the most ancient of witnessed Germanic tongues and the most archaic of them.1
Though Gothic is referred to the East Germanic subgroup of languages, its similar sounds, morphological forms and vocabulary with Old English, Old High German, Old Scandinavian and other ancient Germanic languages are quite frequent. In the early Medieval Age, when both Gothic and Old English were spoken, single languages of the group did not go too far from each other and remained very much alike.
As a whole, Old English phonetics included the majority of sounds typical for all Germanic speech; and only some of its phonemes are unique and require a special acquaintance.
First we will talk about the vowels, which could be either short or long in Old English, just like in Modern English or German. The difference between them is also familiar to Modern English speakers: the distinction between open and close syllables. This distinction is quite Germanic, and obviously did not existed in Proto-Indo-European where vowels could be short and long in every position. In Germanic a long sound in a closed syllable can be seldom met. The table below explains all Old English (OE) vocals compared to those of Gothic and followed by examples (sounds for them will follow later):


OE

Gothic

Description; Position; Pronunciation

Examples


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