Grammar for ielts fiona Aish & Jo Tomlinson ■L& 11

Other possible structures:
if
+ past sim ple + 
could/m ight
if + were to + would
+ infinitive without 
'to'
if
+ past sim ple + 
should +
infinitive without 
‘to’
+
-
?
If people had free time, they would
enjoy life.
If people didn't have free time, they
wouldn't enjoy life.
If people had free time, would they
enjoy life?
1 2 0
Gram mar for IELTS
languagedownload.ir

---

Third conditional
if
+ past perfect sim ple + 
would have
+ past participle
Other possible structures:
if+
past perfect sim ple + 
could/might
if
+ 
were to
+ 
would
+ infinitive without 
'to'
if
+ past sim ple + 
should
+ infinitive without 
'to'
+
-
?
If people had had free time, they
would have enjoyed life.
If people hadn ’t had free time, they
wouldn't have enjoyed life.
If people had had free time, would
they have enjoyed life?
Mixed conditional
if+
past perfect sim ple + 
would
+ infinitive without 
'to'
if+
past sim ple + 
would have
+ past participle
+
-
?
If people had had free time, they
would enjoy life.
If people had free time, they would
have enjoyed life.
If people hadn't had free time, they
wouldn't enjoy life.
If people didn't have free time, they
would enjoy life.
If people hadn't had free time,
would they enjoy life?
If people had free time, would they
have enjoyed life?
Gram m ar reference
languagedownload.ir

---

Unit 15 
Reported Speech
Tense changes
Direct speech
Reported/indirect speech
Present simple: 
7 
like opera'
Past simple:
She said Ithatl she liked opera.
Present sim ple continuous:
'I'm studvina Japanese flower arranaina.'
Past continuous:
He said Ithatl he was studvina Japanese flower
arranging.
Present perfect simple:
7 
have never been to the National Museum.'
Past perfect:
He said Ithatl he had never been to the National
Museum.
Present perfect continuous:
‘We've been oaintina for manv vears. ’
Past perfect continuous:
He said Ithat] they had been oaintina fo r many years.
Past simple:
‘We went to the theatre.'
Past perfect:
He said Ithatl they had aone to the theatre.
Past continuous:
'Yesterday 1 was listenina to the lecture on the radio
show. ’
Past perfect continuous:
She said that the previous day she had been listenina
to the lecture on the radio show.
Past perfect:
7 
had read the novel.'
Past perfect:
She said Ithatl she had read the novel.
Going to (present):
'I'm aoina to visit the local craft shoD.'
Going to (past):
She said Ithatl she
was 
aoina to visit the local craft
shop.'
Will:
‘I'll start photography classes soon.'
Would:
He said Ithatl he would s ta rt photoaraphv classes
soon.
Can:
7 can 
draw w e ll.'
Could:
She said Ithatl she could draw well.
May:
7 
think young people may not be interested in
reading.'
Might:
The teacher said she thought Ithatl young people
m iaht not be interested in readinq.
Must:
7 
m ust attend my son's school orchestra concert.'
Had to:
My boss said Ithatl he had to attend his son's school
orchestra concert.